KIR2DS4

KIR2DS4
Available structures
PDB	Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3H8N
Identifiers
Aliases	KIR2DS4, CD158I, KIR1D, KIR2DS1, KIR412, KKA3, NKAT-8, NKAT8, KIR-2DS4, killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, two Ig domains and short cytoplasmic tail 4
External IDs	OMIM: 604955; GeneCards: KIR2DS4; OMA:KIR2DS4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	54,848,569 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	tendon of biceps brachii; ; granulocyte; ; blood; ; bone marrow cells; ; spleen; ; right lung; ; placenta; ; endometrium; ; pharynx; ; upper lobe of lung;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; MHC class Ib protein binding;
Cellular component	integral component of plasma membrane; membrane; integral component of membrane; plasma membrane;
Biological process	innate immune response;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3809
	n/a
ENSG00000273931; ENSG00000274406; ENSG00000277078; ENSG00000274807; ENSG00000275353;
	ENSG00000275731; ENSG00000273526; ENSG00000275351; ENSG00000274921; ENSG00000277345; ENSG00000276885; ENSG00000284408; ENSG00000274957; ENSG00000276154; ENSG00000284307; ENSG00000283779; ENSG00000274324; ENSG00000221957; ENSG00000274714; ENSG00000274533; ENSG00000276209; ENSG00000276634; ENSG00000276465; ENSG00000274947; ENSG00000283727; ENSG00000283846; ENSG00000276395; ENSG00000275938; ENSG00000284244; ENSG00000284264; ENSG00000283870; ENSG00000283882; ENSG00000276254
	n/a
	P43632; Q8NHJ0
	n/a
	NM_012314; NM_001281971; NM_001281972
	n/a
	NP_001268900; NP_001268901; NP_036446; NP_001268900.1
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIR2DS4 gene.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase (DAP12) binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response.^[5]

KIR2DS4 is a product of a gene conversion with KIR3DL2.^[6] KIR2DS4 has unusual HLA-I specificity binding some HLA-C allotypes and HLA-A*11.^[6] A common allele of KIR2DS4 encodes a truncated version (KIR-1D) that has no HLA-I binding ability.^[6]^[7] Recent evidence suggests KIR2DS4 detects HLA-C presented peptides in a peptide-specific manner, detecting peptides conserved in bacteria.^[8]^[9]^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000274406, ENSG00000277078, ENSG00000274807, ENSG00000275353, ENSG00000275731, ENSG00000273526, ENSG00000275351, ENSG00000274921, ENSG00000277345, ENSG00000276885, ENSG00000284408, ENSG00000274957, ENSG00000276154, ENSG00000284307, ENSG00000283779, ENSG00000274324, ENSG00000221957, ENSG00000274714, ENSG00000274533, ENSG00000276209, ENSG00000276634, ENSG00000276465, ENSG00000274947, ENSG00000283727, ENSG00000283846, ENSG00000276395, ENSG00000275938, ENSG00000284244, ENSG00000284264, ENSG00000283870, ENSG00000283882, ENSG00000276254 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000273931, ENSG00000274406, ENSG00000277078, ENSG00000274807, ENSG00000275353, ENSG00000275731, ENSG00000273526, ENSG00000275351, ENSG00000274921, ENSG00000277345, ENSG00000276885, ENSG00000284408, ENSG00000274957, ENSG00000276154, ENSG00000284307, ENSG00000283779, ENSG00000274324, ENSG00000221957, ENSG00000274714, ENSG00000274533, ENSG00000276209, ENSG00000276634, ENSG00000276465, ENSG00000274947, ENSG00000283727, ENSG00000283846, ENSG00000276395, ENSG00000275938, ENSG00000284244, ENSG00000284264, ENSG00000283870, ENSG00000283882, ENSG00000276254 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Bottino C, Sivori S, Vitale M, Cantoni C, Falco M, Pende D, Morelli L, Augugliaro R, Semenzato G, Biassoni R, Moretta L, Moretta A (Oct 1996). "A novel surface molecule homologous to the p58/p50 family of receptors is selectively expressed on a subset of human natural killer cells and induces both triggering of cell functions and proliferation". Eur J Immunol. 26 (8): 1816–24. doi:10.1002/eji.1830260823. PMID 8765026. S2CID 23526107.
^ Wagtmann N, Biassoni R, Cantoni C, Verdiani S, Malnati MS, Vitale M, Bottino C, Moretta L, Moretta A, Long EO (Jun 1995). "Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulin-related molecules with diversity in both the extra- and intracellular domains". Immunity. 2 (5): 439–49. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90025-X. PMID 7749980.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: KIR2DS4 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 4".
^ ^a ^b ^c Graef T, Moesta AK, Norman PJ, Abi-Rached L, Vago L, Older Aguilar AM, Gleimer M, Hammond JA, Guethlein LA, Bushnell DA, Robinson PJ, Parham P (2009-10-26). "KIR2DS4 is a product of gene conversion with KIR3DL2 that introduced specificity for HLA-A*11 while diminishing avidity for HLA-C". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 206 (11): 2557–2572. doi:10.1084/jem.20091010. ISSN 1540-9538. PMC 2768862. PMID 19858347.
^ Middleton D, Gonzalez A, Gilmore PM (February 2007). "Studies on the Expression of the Deleted KIR2DS4*003 Gene Product and Distribution of KIR2DS4 Deleted and Nondeleted Versions in Different Populations". Human Immunology. 68 (2): 128–134. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2006.12.007. PMID 17321903.
^ Sim MJ, Rajagopalan S, Altmann DM, Boyton RJ, Sun PD, Long EO (2019-06-25). "Human NK cell receptor KIR2DS4 detects a conserved bacterial epitope presented by HLA-C". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (26): 12964–12973. doi:10.1073/pnas.1903781116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6601252. PMID 31138701.
^ Parham P (2019-06-25). "A natural killer cell receptor takes sharp aim at the world of bacteria". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (26): 12601–12603. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907937116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6601266. PMID 31175150.
^ Sim MJ, Brennan P, Wahl KL, Lu J, Rajagopalan S, Sun PD, Long EO (2023-09-29). "Innate receptors with high specificity for HLA class I–peptide complexes". Science Immunology. 8 (87): eadh1781. doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.adh1781. ISSN 2470-9468. PMID 37683038.

Döhring C, Samaridis J, Colonna M (1996). "Alternatively spliced forms of human killer inhibitory receptors". Immunogenetics. 44 (3): 227–30. doi:10.1007/BF02602590. PMID 8662091. S2CID 38478576.
Kim J, Chwae YJ, Kim MY, Choi IH, Park JH, Kim SJ (1997). "Molecular basis of HLA-C recognition by p58 natural killer cell inhibitory receptors". J. Immunol. 159 (8): 3875–82. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.159.8.3875. PMID 9378975. S2CID 21878260.
Campbell KS, Cella M, Carretero M, López-Botet M, Colonna M (1998). "Signaling through human killer cell activating receptors triggers tyrosine phosphorylation of an associated protein complex". Eur. J. Immunol. 28 (2): 599–609. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199802)28:02<599::AID-IMMU599>3.0.CO;2-F. PMID 9521070. S2CID 20705491.
Chwae YJ, Cho SE, Kim SJ, Kim J (1999). "Diversity of the repertoire of p58 killer cell inhibitory receptors in a single individual". Immunol. Lett. 68 (2–3): 267–74. doi:10.1016/S0165-2478(99)00062-0. PMID 10424431.
Fan QR, Long EO, Wiley DC (2000). "Cobalt-mediated dimerization of the human natural killer cell inhibitory receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (31): 23700–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003318200. PMID 10816589.
Rajalingam R, Gardiner CM, Canavez F, Vilches C, Parham P (2001). "Identification of seventeen novel KIR variants: fourteen of them from two non-Caucasian donors". Tissue Antigens. 57 (1): 22–31. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057001022.x. PMID 11169255.
Katz G, Markel G, Mizrahi S, Arnon TI, Mandelboim O (2001). "Recognition of HLA-Cw4 but not HLA-Cw6 by the NK cell receptor killer cell Ig-like receptor two-domain short tail number 4". J. Immunol. 166 (12): 7260–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.12.7260. PMID 11390475.
Hsu KC, Liu XR, Selvakumar A, Mickelson E, O'Reilly RJ, Dupont B (2002). "Killer Ig-like receptor haplotype analysis by gene content: evidence for genomic diversity with a minimum of six basic framework haplotypes, each with multiple subsets". J. Immunol. 169 (9): 5118–29. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.9.5118. PMID 12391228.
Maxwell LD, Wallace A, Middleton D, Curran MD (2003). "A common KIR2DS4 deletion variant in the human that predicts a soluble KIR molecule analogous to the KIR1D molecule observed in the rhesus monkey". Tissue Antigens. 60 (3): 254–8. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2002.600307.x. PMID 12445308.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Artavanis-Tsakonas K, Eleme K, McQueen KL, Cheng NW, Parham P, Davis DM, Riley EM (2004). "Activation of a subset of human NK cells upon contact with Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes". J. Immunol. 171 (10): 5396–405. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.10.5396. PMID 14607943.
Maxwell LD, Williams F, Gilmore P, Meenagh A, Middleton D (2005). "Investigation of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene diversity: II. KIR2DS4". Hum. Immunol. 65 (6): 613–21. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2004.02.028. PMID 15219381.
Katz G, Gazit R, Arnon TI, Gonen-Gross T, Tarcic G, Markel G, Gruda R, Achdout H, Drize O (2004). "MHC class I-independent recognition of NK-activating receptor KIR2DS4". J. Immunol. 173 (3): 1819–25. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.173.3.1819. PMID 15265913.
Yen JH, Lin CH, Tsai WC, Wu CC, Ou TT, Hu CJ, Liu HW (2006). "Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene's repertoire in rheumatoid arthritis". Scand. J. Rheumatol. 35 (2): 124–7. doi:10.1080/03009740500381252. PMID 16641046. S2CID 29445959.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] ENSG00000274406, ENSG00000277078, ENSG00000274807, ENSG00000275353, ENSG00000275731, ENSG00000273526, ENSG00000275351, ENSG00000274921, ENSG00000277345, ENSG00000276885, ENSG00000284408, ENSG00000274957, ENSG00000276154, ENSG00000284307, ENSG00000283779, ENSG00000274324, ENSG00000221957, ENSG00000274714, ENSG00000274533, ENSG00000276209, ENSG00000276634, ENSG00000276465, ENSG00000274947, ENSG00000283727, ENSG00000283846, ENSG00000276395, ENSG00000275938, ENSG00000284244, ENSG00000284264, ENSG00000283870, ENSG00000283882, ENSG00000276254 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000273931, ENSG00000274406, ENSG00000277078, ENSG00000274807, ENSG00000275353, ENSG00000275731, ENSG00000273526, ENSG00000275351, ENSG00000274921, ENSG00000277345, ENSG00000276885, ENSG00000284408, ENSG00000274957, ENSG00000276154, ENSG00000284307, ENSG00000283779, ENSG00000274324, ENSG00000221957, ENSG00000274714, ENSG00000274533, ENSG00000276209, ENSG00000276634, ENSG00000276465, ENSG00000274947, ENSG00000283727, ENSG00000283846, ENSG00000276395, ENSG00000275938, ENSG00000284244, ENSG00000284264, ENSG00000283870, ENSG00000283882, ENSG00000276254 – Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8765026-3] Bottino C, Sivori S, Vitale M, Cantoni C, Falco M, Pende D, Morelli L, Augugliaro R, Semenzato G, Biassoni R, Moretta L, Moretta A (Oct 1996). "A novel surface molecule homologous to the p58/p50 family of receptors is selectively expressed on a subset of human natural killer cells and induces both triggering of cell functions and proliferation". Eur J Immunol. 26 (8): 1816–24. doi:10.1002/eji.1830260823. PMID 8765026. S2CID 23526107.

[pmid7749980-4] Wagtmann N, Biassoni R, Cantoni C, Verdiani S, Malnati MS, Vitale M, Bottino C, Moretta L, Moretta A, Long EO (Jun 1995). "Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulin-related molecules with diversity in both the extra- and intracellular domains". Immunity. 2 (5): 439–49. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90025-X. PMID 7749980.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: KIR2DS4 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, short cytoplasmic tail, 4".

[:0-6] Graef T, Moesta AK, Norman PJ, Abi-Rached L, Vago L, Older Aguilar AM, Gleimer M, Hammond JA, Guethlein LA, Bushnell DA, Robinson PJ, Parham P (2009-10-26). "KIR2DS4 is a product of gene conversion with KIR3DL2 that introduced specificity for HLA-A*11 while diminishing avidity for HLA-C". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 206 (11): 2557–2572. doi:10.1084/jem.20091010. ISSN 1540-9538. PMC 2768862. PMID 19858347.

[7] Middleton D, Gonzalez A, Gilmore PM (February 2007). "Studies on the Expression of the Deleted KIR2DS4*003 Gene Product and Distribution of KIR2DS4 Deleted and Nondeleted Versions in Different Populations". Human Immunology. 68 (2): 128–134. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2006.12.007. PMID 17321903.

[8] Sim MJ, Rajagopalan S, Altmann DM, Boyton RJ, Sun PD, Long EO (2019-06-25). "Human NK cell receptor KIR2DS4 detects a conserved bacterial epitope presented by HLA-C". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (26): 12964–12973. doi:10.1073/pnas.1903781116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6601252. PMID 31138701.

[9] Parham P (2019-06-25). "A natural killer cell receptor takes sharp aim at the world of bacteria". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (26): 12601–12603. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907937116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6601266. PMID 31175150.

[10] Sim MJ, Brennan P, Wahl KL, Lu J, Rajagopalan S, Sun PD, Long EO (2023-09-29). "Innate receptors with high specificity for HLA class I–peptide complexes". Science Immunology. 8 (87): eadh1781. doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.adh1781. ISSN 2470-9468. PMID 37683038.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1–50	CD1 a-c 1A 1B 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50
51–100	CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 - CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100
101–150	CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150
151–200	CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200
201–250	CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 - CD248 CD249
251–300	CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299
301–350	CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD327 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350

KIR2DS4

See also

References

Further reading