Linglinghua

Lingling
Linghua
Native toChina
RegionGuangxi
EthnicityMiao
Native speakers
(20,000 cited 1991)[citation needed]
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
GlottologNone

Lingling (Chinese: Linghua 伶话 Línghuà or Lingling hua; Lingling: liŋ55 va33) is an unclassified mixed Chinese dialect. It is spoken by 20,000 ethnic Miao in Longsheng County, Guangxi. It is only spoken within the community; with outsiders, Southwestern Mandarin is spoken.

He (2009) covers the Linghua dialect of Taiping (太平村), Pingdeng Township (平等乡), Longsheng County, Guangxi.

A description of the Taipingtang 太平塘村 dialect of Linghua can be found in Wang (2014).[1]

Phonology

[edit]

Phonology:[1]

Consonants
p t k
tɬʰ tʂʰ tɕʰ
b d dl g
m n ŋ
f s ɕ
ɬ h
w l

Vowels: /i, a, ɔ, u, y, ə/

Tones
Tone category Tone value
A1 55
A2 22
B1 33
B2 44
C 44
D 22

Vocabulary

[edit]

This section lists sample vocabulary in Linghua from Wang (2014). Translated English glosses have also been provided.[1]

Pronouns

[edit]
sg. pl.
1st person ŋa³³ ŋai³³
2nd person ŋ̩³³ ŋ̩³³liɛ⁵⁵
3rd person tʰa⁵⁵, i⁵⁵ i⁵⁵liɛ⁵⁵

Numerals

[edit]
Numeral Linghua
1 i²²
2 ni⁴⁴
3 ɬa⁵⁵
4 ɬi⁴⁴
5 ŋ̩³³
6 liu²²
7 tɬʰi²²
8 pia²²
9 tɕiu³³
10 dl̩²²

Nature

[edit]
Chinese gloss English gloss Linghua
sky tʰiɛ⁵⁵
太阳 sun ni²²dau²²/⁵⁵
月亮 moon wei²²liɔ⁴⁴
星星 star ɬiɛ⁵⁵liɛ³³
cloud uŋ²²wu⁴⁴
rain u³³
wind puŋ⁵⁵
mountain ɬai⁵⁵
field diɛ²²

Body parts

[edit]
Chinese gloss English gloss Linghua
head dau²²
头发 hair (of head) dau²²pei²²/⁵⁵
face miɛ⁴⁴
耳朵 ear niɛ³³tɔ³³
眼睛 eye ŋai³³tɬiɛ⁵⁵
鼻子 nose bi²²haŋ³³
mouth hau³³
舌头 tongue iɛ²²liɛ³³
牙齿 tooth ŋa²²tɬʰl̩³³
脖子 neck tɕiɛ³³kuai³³
shoulder kai⁵⁵dau²²
脊背 back pei⁴⁴
hand ɕiu³³
leg, foot tɕiɔ²²
heart ɬiŋ⁵⁵
meat, flesh nai⁴⁴
skin bi²²
骨头 bone gy³³
left (side) tɬɔ³³
right (side) iu⁴⁴

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Wang, Fushi 王辅世 (2014). "Guangxi Longsheng Linghua jilüe 广西龙胜伶话记略". Wang Fushi yuyan yanjiu wenji 王辅世语言研究文集. Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China). ISBN 978-7-5097-5966-0. (Originally published in Fangyan 方言 1979(2):137-141; 1979(3):231-240)
  • He Danpeng [何丹鵬]. 2009. 廣西龍勝伶話語音的歷史層次研究 [Study of the Longsheng (Guangxi) Linghua phonology and its historical strata]. Ph.D. dissertation. City University of Hong Kong.
  • Ming studies, 34–35:55, University of Minnesota, 1990