Saint Petersburg Governorate

Saint Petersburg Governorate
Санкт-Петербургская губерния
Governorate
Coat of arms of Saint Petersburg Governorate
Coat of arms
Location in the Russian Empire
Location in the Russian Empire
CountryRussian Empire
Established1708
Abolished1927
Capital
Area
 • Total
44,613 km2 (17,225 sq mi)
Population
 (1897)
 • Total
2,112,033
 • Density47/km2 (120/sq mi)
 • Urban
67.32%
 • Rural
32.68%
Saint-Petersburg Governorate 1820
Map of Russian governorates as of 1708
Russian Governorates in 1708[citation needed]

Saint Petersburg Governorate[a] was a province (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Saint Petersburg. The governorate was composed of 44,613 square kilometres (17,225 sq mi) of area and 2,112,033 inhabitants. It was bordered by Estonian and Livonian Governorates to the west, Pskov Governorate to the south, Novgorod Governorate to the east, Olonets Governorate to the northeast, and Vyborg Governorate of the Grand Duchy of Finland to the north. The governorate covered most of the areas of modern Leningrad Oblast and Ida-Viru, Jõgeva, Tartu, Põlva, and Võru counties of Estonia.

Establishment

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Territorial expansion of Sweden showing Swedish Ingria (1613-1656, 1658-1708) later recaptured by Russia and merged into Saint-Petersburg Governorate.

Ingermanland Governorate (Ингерманла́ндская губе́рния, Ingermanlandskaya guberniya) was created from the territories reconquered from the Swedish Empire in the Great Northern War.[1] In 1704 prince Alexander Menshikov was appointed as its first governor, and in 1706 it was first Russian region designated as a Governorate.[2] According to the Tsar Peter the Great's edict as on December 29 [O.S. December 18], 1708,[3] the whole Russia was split into eight Governorates. In the same year Ingermanland Governorate was further expanded to encompass the regions of Pskov, Novgorod and other towns of Western Russia.[4][5] As with the rest of the governorates, neither the borders nor internal subdivisions of Ingermanland Governorate were defined; instead, the territory was defined as a set of cities and the lands adjacent to those cities.[6]

By another edict on June 3, 1710, the governorate was renamed St. Petersburg Governorate after the newly founded city of Saint Petersburg, and in 1721 the former Swedish Duchy of Ingria, and parts of the County of Kexholm and the County of Viborg and Nyslott were formally ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Nystad. After the Treaty of Åbo in 1743, the parts of Kexholm and Viborg were joined with new territorial gains from Sweden into the Governorate of Vyborg (Russian: Выборгская губерния).

From August 18, 1914 to January 26, 1924 it was named Petrograd Governorate, and during 1924–1927 — Leningrad Governorate. It was abolished on August 1, 1927 when modern Leningrad Oblast was created.

Cities included into Ingermanland Governorate at the time of its establishment[3]
# City # City # City
1. St. Petersburg 12. Narva 23. Staraya Rusa
2. Beloozero 13. Olonets 24. Toropets
3. Bezhetskoy Verkh 14. Opochek 25. Torzhok
4. Derptskoy uyezd 15. Ostrov 26. Tver
5. Gdov 16. Porkhov 27. Uglich
6. Izborsk 17. Poshekhonye 28. Ustyuzhna Zheleznopolskaya
7. Kargopol 18. Pskov 29. Veliky Novgorod
8. Kashin 19. Romanov 30. Yamburg
9. Koporye 20. Rzheva pustaya (Zavolochye) 31. Yaroslavl
10. Ladoga 21. Rzheva Volodimirova
11. Luki Velikiye 22. Shlisselburg

Administrative divisions

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The governorate was composed of eight counties (uezds) as of January 1, 1914. Follows the table:

County County Town Arms of County Town Area Population
(1897 census)
Transliteration name Russian Cyrillic
Gdovsky Гдовский Gdov
8,810 km2
(3,400 sq mi)		 145,573
Luzhsky Лужский Luga
10,192.7 km2
(3,935.4 sq mi)		 133,466
Novoladozhsky Новоладожский Novaya Ladoga
8,707.4 km2
(3,361.9 sq mi)		 87,841
Petergofsky Петергофский Petergof
2,742.5 km2
(1,058.9 sq mi)		 140,547
Sankt-Peterburgsky Санкт-Петербургский Saint Petersburg
(Sankt–Peterburg)
1,973.8 km2
(762.1 sq mi)		 1,317,885
Tsarskoselsky Царскосельский Tsarskoye Selo
4,303.9 km2
(1,661.7 sq mi)		 149,845
Shlisselburgsky Шлиссельбургский Shlisselburg
3,870.7 km2
(1,494.5 sq mi)		 54,904
Yamburgsky Ямбургский Yamburg
4,014.4 km2
(1,550.0 sq mi)		 81,972

Supernumerary town

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City Population Part of Arms
Gatchina 14,824 Tsarskoselsky Uyezd
Kronstadt 59,525 Petergofsky Uyezd
Narva 16,599 Yamburgsky Uyezd
Oranienbaum 5,458 Petergofsky Uyezd
Pavlovsk 5,113 Tsarskoselsky Uyezd

Former city

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City Population Part of Arms
Rozhdestveno 980 Tsarskoselsky Uyezd
Sofia 1,190

Governorate administration

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General Governors

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Governors

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Marshals of the nobility

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Served as chair of the Assembly of Nobility

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^

References

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  1. ^ Lieven, Dominic (2006). The Cambridge History of Russia: Volume 2, Imperial Russia, 1689-1917. Cambridge University Press. pp. 489–504. ISBN 0521815290.
  2. ^ Национальные окраины российской империи. Становление и развитие системы управления. Институт Российской истории РАН, М. 1997 // Полное собрание законов Российской империи. 1-е собрание. СПб., 1830. Т. 4. № 1954. С. 334.
  3. ^ a b Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов (in Russian)
  4. ^ Архивы Санкт-Петербурга. Краткая справка о границах С.-Петербургской (Петроградской) губернии с XVIII в. до 1918 года
  5. ^ Славнитский Н. Р. Утверждение России в Ингерманландии в царствование Петра Великого, стр. 27
  6. ^ С. А. Тархов (2001). "Изменение административно-территориального деления России за последние 300 лет". Электронная версия журнала "География".
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59°57′00″N 30°19′00″E / 59.9500°N 30.3167°E / 59.9500; 30.3167

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