Provisional National Defence Council
Provisional National Defence Council | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Established | 31 December 1981 |
Dissolved | 7 January 1993 |
State | Ghana |
Leader | Chairman (Jerry Rawlings) |
Headquarters | Accra |
Constitution |
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The Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) was the name of the Ghanaian government after the People's National Party's elected government was overthrown by Jerry Rawlings, the former head of the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, in a coup d'état on 31 December 1981. He remained in power until 7 January 1993. In a statement, Rawlings said that a "holy war" was necessary due to the PNP's failure to provide effective leadership and the collapse of the national economy and state services.
The PNDC was a military dictatorship that induced civilians to participate in governance. Most of its members were civilians. Its policies reflected a revolutionary government that was pragmatic in its approach.[clarification needed] The economic objectives of the PNDC were to halt Ghana's economic decay, stabilize the economy, and stimulate economic growth. The PNDC also brought a change in the people's attitude from a 'government will provide' position to participating in nation-building.[citation needed]
The PNDC provided a new constitution in 1992 and held elections that year. Rawlings's party, the NDC, won the presidential election with 58% of the vote. The opposition boycotted the subsequent parliamentary elections.[1]
Members
[edit]The seven original members of the PNDC from its inception were as follows:
- Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings - Chairman
- Brigadier Joseph Nunoo-Mensah - retired Chief of Defence Staff
- Reverend Dr. Vincent Kwabena Damuah
- Warrant Officer I Joseph Adjei Buadi
- Sergeant Daniel Alolga Akata Pore
- Joachim Amartey Quaye
- Chris Bukari Atim
Brigadier Nunoo-Mensah, who had been retired by the Limann government, was recalled as Chief of Defence Staff and the second-in-command of the PNDC. Reverend Damuah was an outspoken priest of the Roman Catholic Church in Ghana. Joachim Amartey Quaye was a labour leader who led a strike at the Ghana Industrial Holding Corporation (GIHOC) and was removed by Hilla Limann's government. Chris Bukari Atim was a student leader and friend of Jerry Rawlings. Adjei Buadi and Akata Pore were junior ranks in the Ghana Air Force.[2]
Departures and replacements
[edit]Over the years, some people were added to the membership and others left. A number left in 1982 due to ideological differences. Joachim Amartey Quaye was executed for his involvement in the murder of three senior judges and a retired army officer. Rev. Damuah who was suspended from the Catholic Church because of his involvement in the government left in late 1982 and started his own church later called the Afrikania Mission, an organization devoted to the promotion of African Traditional Religion.[3]
Additions
| Departures
|
August 1992 onwards — final membership
[edit]- Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings - Chairman
- Justice D. F. Annan
- Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu
- Captain (rtd) Kojo Tsikata
- P. V. Obeng
- Lieutenant General Arnold Quainoo
- Air Vice Marshal Dumashie
- Dr. Mrs. Mary Grant
Membership
[edit] PNDC Members[edit] | |||||
Position | Name | From | To | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Head of state of Ghana and Chairman | Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings | December 1981 | January 1993 | ||
Chief of the Defence Staff | Brigadier Joseph Nunoo-Mensah[12] | January 1982 | November 1982 | Reappointed Chief of Defence Staff | |
Member | Vincent Kwabena Damuah[13] | January 1982 | 1982 | Catholic priest | |
Member | Warrant Officer I Joseph Adjei Buadi[14] | January 1982 | December 1984[15] | Coordinator for the Armed Forces Defence Committees[16] | |
Member | Sergeant Daniel Alolga Akata Pore | January 1982 | 1982 | Secretary Armed Forces Defence Committee[16][17] | |
Member | Joachim Amartey Quaye | January 1982 | August 1982 | Union leader | |
Member | Chris Bukari Atim | January 1982 | 1982 | General Secretary of the June Fourth Movement, Former First national vice president of the National Union of Ghana Students[17] | |
Member | Aanaa Naamua Enin[11] | August 1982[4][18] | December 1989 | ||
Member | Ebo Tawiah[11] | August 1982[4] | ? | Trade Union leader | |
Member | Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu[19][11] | October 1984 | January 1993 | Politician and businessman | |
Member | Captain Kojo Tsikata[11] | July 1985 | January 1993 | National Security and Foreign Affairs, Retired soldier | |
Chairman of Committee of Secretaries | Paul Victor Obeng[11] | July 1985 | January 1993 | Former student leader and Mechanical Engineer | |
Member | Lieutenant General Arnold Quainoo[11] | 1982 | January 1993 | Chief of Defence Staff | |
Member | Naa Polku Konkuu Chiiri | 1983[6] | 1984 | Nandom Naa Died in office | |
Member and Chairman of the National Commission for Democracy | Justice Daniel Francis Annan[11] | 1984 | January 1993 | Retired Appeals Court Judge | |
Member | Susanna Al-Hassan | 1985 | 1987 | Ghana's first female minister in 1961 and author | |
Member | Maj. Gen. Winston C. M. Mensa-Wood[11] | 1987 | 1992 | Chief of the Defence Staff Died in office | |
Member | Mary Grant | 1989 | January 1993 | Medical doctor | |
Member | Air Vice Marshal A. H. K. Dumashie | 1992 | January 1993 | Chief of Defence Staff |
Secretaries
[edit]The officials in charge of the various ministries were designated as Secretaries of state.
List of secretaries (ministers) of state[edit] | |||||
Portfolio | Secretary | From | To | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chairman of Committee of Secretaries | Paul Victor Obeng | 1982 | 1993 | ||
Secretary for Foreign Affairs | Obed Asamoah[20][21] | January 1982 | 1993 | ||
Secretary for the Interior | Johnny F. S. Hansen[20][22] | January 1982 | Apr 1982 | ||
J. M. Ewa[22] | Apr 1982 | Dec 1982 | |||
Kofi Djin[22] | Dec 1982 | Nov 1985 | |||
Major General Winston Mensa-Wood[23][21] | Nov 1985 | Oct 1987 | |||
Nii Okaidja Adamafio[23] | Oct 1987 | May 1991 | |||
Nana Akuoko Sarpong[23] | May 1991 | Mar 1992 | |||
Colonel E. M. Osei-Wusu[23] | Mar 1992 | Jan 1993 | |||
Secretary for Finance | Kwesi Botchwey[21] | 1982 | 1993 | ||
Secretary for Defence | Naa Polku Konkuu Chirii[24] | 1982 | Nov 1983 | ||
Rear Admiral C. K. Dzang[24] | 22 Nov 1983 | 1985 | |||
Mahama Iddrisu[24][19] | 1985 | 6 Jan 1993 | |||
Attorney General and Secretary for Justice | G. E. K. Aikins[20][21] | January 1982 | 1992 | ||
E.G. Tanoh | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Education and Culture | Christina Ama Ata Aidoo[20] | January 1982 | 1983 | ||
V. C. Dadson[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Joyce Aryee[21] | 1985 | 1987 | |||
Mohammed Ben Abdallah[26] | 1986 | 1987 | |||
K. B. Asante | 1988 | 1989 | |||
Mary Grant | 1989 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Agriculture[27] | Eugene Bortei-Doku[20][28] | January 1982 | Dec 1983 | ||
John Akparibo Ndebugre | 1984 | 1985 | |||
Isaac Adjei-Marfo[29] | 1985 | 1986 | |||
Stephen Obimpeh[21] | 1986 | 1992 | |||
Ibrahim Adam | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Cocoa Affairs | Isaac Adjei-Marfo | ? | ? | ||
Secretary for Chieftaincy Affairs | E.G. Tanoh | 1987 | 1992 | ||
Nana Akuoko Sarpong | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Trade Secretary for Trade and Tourism | K. B. Asante[20][30] | January 1982 | 1986 | ||
Kofi Djin[21] | 1986 | 1992 | |||
John Bawa | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Culture and Tourism | Asiedu Yirenkyi[20] | January 1982 | 1984 | ||
Mohammed Ben Abdallah[21] | ? | 1986 | |||
Secretary for Local Government and Rural Development | John Agyekum Kufuor[20] | January 1982 | 1982 | ||
Kwame Dwemoh-Kesse[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
William H. Yeboah | 1986 | ? | |||
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[21] | c. 1986 | ? | |||
Joyce Aryee[26] | 1986 | 1988 | |||
Kwamena Ahwoi | ? | ? | |||
Secretary for Rural Development and Co-operatives | Kofi Ankomah[20] | January 1982 | 1982 | ||
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[26] | 1982 | 1986 | |||
Secretary for Fuel and Power | E. Appiah Korang[21] | January 1982[20] | 1987 | ||
Ato Ahwoi | 1987 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Transport and Communications | Mahama Iddrisu[20] | January 1982 | 1986 | ||
Kwame M. Peprah[21] | 1986 | 1987 | |||
Yaw Donkor | 1987 | 1992 | |||
Kwame M. Peprah | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Roads and Highways | Yaw E. O. Donkor[21] | 1983 | 1987 | ||
Mensah Gbedemah | 1987 | 1992 | |||
Richard Commey | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Lands and Natural Resources | Kwesi Renner | 1983 | 1986 | ||
George Adamu[21] | 1986 | 1987 | |||
Kwame Peprah | 1987 | 1992 | |||
J. A. Dansoh | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Industry, Science and Technology | Kaku Kyiamah[20] | January 1982 | 1983[31] | ||
G. B. Opoku[31] | 1983 | 1986 | |||
Francis Acquah[21] | 1986 | 1992 | |||
K. A. Butah | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Information | Ato Austin[20][32] | January 1982 | 1983 | ||
Joyce Aryee | 1983 | 1985 | |||
Kofi Totobi Quakyi[21] | 1985 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Health | Charles Buadu | 1983 | 1986 | ||
E. G. Tanoh[33] | c. 1986 | ? | |||
Air Commodore F. W. Klutse[21] | 1986 | 1988 | |||
Nana Akuoko Sarpong | 1988 | 1991 | |||
Stephen Obimpeh | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Labour and Social Welfare Secretary for Mobilization and Productivity | Adisa Munkaila | 1982 | 1983 | ||
Ato Austin[25] | 1983 | 1986 | |||
W. H. Yeboah[21] | 1986 | 1987 | |||
Huudu Yahaya[34] | c. 1988 | ? | |||
George Adamu | ? | 1992 | |||
D. S. Boateng | 1992 | 1993 | |||
Secretary for Works and Housing | Mawuse Dake[20][35] | January 1982 | 1983[31] | ||
Alhassan Abubakar[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Kofi Sam[21] | c. 1986 | ? | |||
Emmanuel Appiah Korang | |||||
Kenneth Ampratwum | |||||
Secretary for Youth and Sports | Zaya Yeebo[20][36] | January 1982 | 1983 | ||
Amarkai Amarteifio | 1983 | 1986 | |||
Ato Austin[21] | 1986 | 1992 | |||
Arnold Quainoo | 1992 | 1993 | |||
National Defence Committee | Mawuse Dake[25] | 1983 | ? | ||
PDCs and WDCs | Akrasi-Sarpong[25] | c. 1983 | ? | ||
Regional Secretaries | |||||
Ashanti Regional Secretary | J. Y. Ansah | ? | ? | ||
F. A. Jantuah[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Colonel Osei Owusu[37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Brong Ahafo Region | K. Saarah-Mensah[20] | January 1982 | 1982 | ||
J. H. Owusu Acheampong | 1982 | ? | |||
C. S. Takyi[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Colonel Alex Antwi[37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Central Regional Secretary | |||||
E. G. Tanoh[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Ato Austin | 1988 | 1993 | |||
Lt. Colonel E. A. Baidoo[37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Eastern Regional Secretary | Fred Ohene-Kena | 1982 | ? | ||
Daniel O. Agyekum[26][37] | ? | 1986 | |||
Kofi Acquaah Harrison[26] | 1986 | ? | |||
Greater Accra Regional Secretary | Atukwei Okai[20][38] | January 1982 | 1982 | ||
Nii Abeo Kyerekuandah[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Nii Okaidja Adamafio | 1982 | ? | |||
Colonel W. A. Thompson | 1985 | 1986 | |||
Selina Taylor[19][37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Colonel W. A. Thompson | 1988 | 1991 | |||
Nii Okaidja Adamafio | 1991 | ? | |||
Northern Regional Secretary | Thomas Ibrahim | 1982 | ? | ||
D. S. Zachariah[37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Upper East Region | Kundab Mobilla | 1982 | ? | ||
J. E. Sakyi[37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Upper West Region | Yelibora Antumini | 1982 | 1983 | ||
Joseph Yieleh Chireh[31] | 1983 | ? | |||
Volta Regional Secretary | Francis Agbley | 1982 | ? | ||
Yao Fiagbe[39] | c. 1982 | ||||
Richard Seglah[37] | c. 1986 | ||||
Western Region | J. R. E. Amenlema | 1982 | ? | ||
Don Arthur[25] | 1983 | ? | |||
Colonel W. A. Thompson[37] | 1986 | 1988 |
References
[edit]- ^ Jeffries, Richard & Thomas, Clare (1993). "The Ghanaian Elections of 1992". African Affairs. 92 (368): 331–366. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098639.
- ^ "COUNCIL NAMED TO RULE GHANA". The New York Times: 3. 13 January 1982. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
- ^ "Ghana - Libation issue rears up again". African News Bulletin. Archived from the original on 2011-05-26. Retrieved 2010-07-22.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ a b c d Asamoah, Obed Y. (2014). The political history of Ghana (1950-2013) : the experience of a non-conformist. Bloomington, IN. p. 299. ISBN 978-1496985644. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c Martin K.I Christensen. "Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership". Retrieved 2010-06-05.
- ^ a b "New PNDC Member". Ghana News. 12 (1). Embassy of Ghana: 12. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ^ Ghana News Agency. "Justice Daniel Francis Annan". Ghana Famous People. Ghana Home Page. Retrieved 2010-07-18.
- ^ a b "The Rawlings Revolution". GhanaDistricts.com. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
- ^ a b c Asamoah, Obed Y. (2014). The political history of Ghana (1950-2013) : the experience of a non-conformist. Bloomington, IN. ISBN 978-1496985644.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ ""Chapter 2— Ghana in Economic Crisis" in The Politics of Reform in Ghana, 1982–1991". p. 32. Retrieved 2007-04-28.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "PNDC Members". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 2. May 1986.
- ^ "The Security Services" (PDF). National Reconciliation Commission report. Ghana government. October 2004. p. 52. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 16, 2006. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
- ^ "Tempo of revolution has not changed - Damuah". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 6. June 1982.
- ^ "Currency won't be demonitized". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 1. June 1982.
- ^ Ray, Donald I. (1986). Ghana, Politics, Economics and Society. Columbia University Pr. pp. 31–34. ISBN 978-0931477621.
- ^ a b Akonor, Kwame (2006). Africa and IMF conditionality : the unevenness of compliance, 1983-2000. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415979474. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
- ^ a b Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Canada (1 June 1991). "Ghana: Information on a group called "June Fourth Movement (JFM)"". Refworld. Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Algeria ready with oil aid". Ghana News. 12 (1). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 11. January 1983. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
- ^ a b c "Staff College marks 10th year". Ghana News. 15 (8). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 1. 1986. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Civilians appointed to fill cabinet posts". Ghana News. 11 (1). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 3. January 1982.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "PNDC Secretaries". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 2. May 1986.
- ^ a b c "Past Ministers (3)". Official website. Ministry of Interior, Ghana. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Past Ministers (2)". Official website. Ministry of Interior, Ghana. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
- ^ a b c "MINISTER FOR DEFENCE". www.mod.gov.gh. Ghana Government. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "PNDC makes 6 cabinet changes". Ghana News. 12 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 6. June 1983.
- ^ a b c d e "Changes in Designation of Ministries and Assignment of Portfolios". Ghana News. 15 (8). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 14. September 1986. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ "Former Heads of MoFA". Official website. Ministry of Food and Agriculture. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
- ^ 1984 Training for Agriculture and Rural Development. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1985. p. 87. ISBN 978-92-5-102139-2. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ "Ghana To Receive $15 Grant From IFAD". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 7. May 1986.
- ^ Tawiah, Kofi Owusu (27 January 2018). "K.B. Asante, the patriot, diplomat and writer". Ghanweb.com. GhanaWeb. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
- ^ a b c d "More changes announced". Ghana News. 12 (3). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 3. 1979. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
- ^ "There's need for ideo. direction". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 5. June 1982.
- ^ "Ghana In Favour Of National Health Insurance Scheme". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 7. May 1986.
- ^ Clegg, Sam, ed. (29 November 1988). "Yahaya attends ILO confab". Daily Graphic (11830). Accra: Graphic Communications Group Ltd: 16. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ "PNDC will provide houses for all". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 8. June 1982.
- ^ "Today in history: Ghana won its fourth AFCON title". Ghanaweb.com. GhanaWeb. 19 March 2018. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "PNDC Regional Secretaries". Ghana News. 15 (5). Washington D C: Embassy of Ghana: 2. May 1986.
- ^ "World Statesment (sic) are honoured". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 3. June 1982.
- ^ "Fiscal Year Changes". Ghana News. 11 (6). Washington DC: Embassy of Ghana: 8. June 1982. Retrieved 16 December 2021.