SS Empire Dryden

History
NameEmpire Dryden
OwnerMinistry of War Transport
Port of registryUnited Kingdom Sunderland, United Kingdom
BuilderWilliam Doxford & Sons Ltd
Yard number682
Launched22 October 1941
CompletedFebruary 1942
Maiden voyage27 February 1942
Out of service20 April 1942
Identification
FateTorpedoed and sunk
General characteristics
TypeCargo ship
Tonnage
Length428 ft 8 in (130.66 m)
Beam56 ft 5 in (17.20 m)
Draught27 feet 4+3⁄4 inches (8.350 m)
Depth35 ft 5 in (10.80 m)
Installed power511 nhp
PropulsionTriple expansion steam engine
Speed10 knots (19 km/h)
Crew45, plus 6 DEMS gunners
Armamentone 4-inch gun, one 20mm gun, four machine guns
SS Empire Dryden is located in the United States
SS Empire Dryden
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Location where Empire Dryden was torpedoed and sunk off the coast of the United States.

Empire Dryden was a 7,164 GRT cargo ship that was built in 1941 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland, Co Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Completed in February 1942, she had a short career, being torpedoed and sunk on 20 April 1942 by U-572.

Description

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The ship was built in 1942 by William Doxford & Sons Ltd, Sunderland.[1] She was yard number 682.[2]

The ship was 428 feet 8 inches (130.66 m) long, with a beam of 56 feet 5 inches (17.20 m). She had a depth of 35 feet 5 inches (10.80 m) and a draught of 27 feet 4+3⁄4 inches (8.350 m). She was assessed at 7,164 GRT, 5,051 NRT.[3]

As built, the ship was propelled by a 511 nhp triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of 23+1⁄2 inches (60 cm), 37+1⁄2 inches (95 cm) and 68 inches (170 cm) diameter by 48 inches (120 cm) stroke. The engine was built by Fairfield & Co Ltd, Glasgow.[3] It could propel the ship at 10 knots (19 km/h).[2]

History

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Empire Dryden was launched on 22 October 1941 and completed in February 1942.[1] The United Kingdom Official Number 169010 and Code Letters BCTN were allocated. Her port of registry was Sunderland and she was placed under the management of Sir R Ropner & Co Ltd.[3] She was armed with a four-inch gun, a 20 mm gun and four machine guns. Her crew totalled 51 officers and men, including six DEMS gunners.[4]

Empire Dryden made her maiden voyage on 27 February 1942, departing from Sunderland to join Convoy FN 642,[5] which had departed from Southend, Essex the previous day and arrived at Methil, Fife on 28 February.[6] She then joined Convoy EN 53, which departed on 1 March and arrived at Oban, Argyllshire on 4 March. Empire Dryden was in ballast.[7] She left the convoy at Loch Ewe on 3 March. She then joined Convoy ON 74,[5] which departed from Liverpool, Lancashire on 9 March and arrived at Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada on 25 March.[8] She then joined Convoy XB 5, which departed on 27 March and arrived at Boston, Massachusetts, United States on 29 March.[9] She left the convoy at the Cape Cod Canal that day and sailed to New York, arriving on 1 April.[5]

Empire Dryden departed from New York on 17 April,[5] laden with 7,000 long tons (7,100 t) of general cargo and military stores. She was bound for Alexandria, Egypt via Table Bay, South Africa. On 19 April, she reported the position of some from the survivors of the Argentine tanker Victoria to USS Owl, which was nearby.[10] At 03:06 (German time) on 20 April, Empire Dryden was hit by one of the three torpedoes which had been fired by U-572. She was 240 nautical miles (440 km) north west of Bermuda (34°12′N 69°00′W / 34.200°N 69.000°W / 34.200; -69.000). The torpedo hit the starboard side of the No. 2 hold, blowing off the bow and causing the ship to start sinking.

All on board took to the lifeboats, with some difficulty as the engine was still running. The next day, the smallest of the three lifeboats had to be abandoned as it was taking on water. The survivors in that lifeboat were divided between the other two lifeboats. One lifeboat with 25 of the crew and the three DEMS gunners on board was last seen on 22 April, and is presumed to have foundered in a gale sometime during the next two days. The other lifeboat, with 22 crew and three DEMS gunners on board, sailed for 450 nautical miles (830 km) until the survivors were spotted by the American passenger ship City of Birmingham at 30°37′N 77°15′W / 30.617°N 77.250°W / 30.617; -77.250 (lifeboat of SS Empire Dryden) and rescued. They were landed in Bermuda on 8 May.[4] Those lost from Empire Dryden are commemorated on the Tower Hill Memorial, London.[11]

References

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  1. ^ a b Mitchell, W.H.; Sawyer, L.A. (1995). The Empire Ships. London, New York, Hamburg, Hong Kong: Lloyd's of London Press Ltd. p. not cited. ISBN 1-85044-275-4.
  2. ^ a b "THE SUNDERLAND SITE - PAGE 034, SHIPBUILDERS - PAGE 12". Searle. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  3. ^ a b c "LLOYD'S REGISTER, NAVIRES A VAPEUR ET A MOTEURS" (PDF). Plimsoll Ship Data. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  4. ^ a b "Empire Dryden". Uboat. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d "EMPIRE DRYDEN". Convoyweb. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  6. ^ "Convoy FN.642 = Convoy FN.42 / Phase 7". Convoyweb. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  7. ^ "Convoy EN.53 (Series 2)". Convoyweb. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  8. ^ "Convoy ON.74". Convoyweb. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  9. ^ "Convoy XB.5". Convoyweb. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  10. ^ "S.S. Victoria". War Diary - Eastern Sea Frontier. U-boat Archive. Archived from the original on 19 December 2010. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
  11. ^ "Empire Day to Empire Engineer". Brian Watson. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
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