Second Gillard ministry

Second Gillard ministry

66th ministry of Australia
photograph of Gillard
Julia Gillard
photograph of Swan
Wayne Swan
Date formed14 September 2010
Date dissolved27 June 2013
People and organisations
MonarchElizabeth II
Governor-GeneralQuentin Bryce
Prime MinisterJulia Gillard
Deputy Prime MinisterWayne Swan
Member partyLabor
Status in legislatureMinority government
72 / 150
Opposition cabinet2010–2013
Opposition partyLiberal/National Coalition
Opposition leaderTony Abbott
History
Election21 August 2010
Legislature term43rd
Budgets2011, 2012, 2013
PredecessorFirst Gillard ministry
SuccessorSecond Rudd ministry

The Second Gillard ministry (Labor) was the 66th ministry of the Australian Government, led by Prime Minister Julia Gillard. It succeeded the first Gillard ministry upon its swearing in by Governor-General Quentin Bryce on 14 September 2010 after the 2010 election.[1][2][3]

The members of the ministry were announced on 11 September 2010. It included some major changes from the first ministry, which had in essence been left over from the first Rudd ministry which preceded it.[4][5]

A reconstitution of the ministry took place on 14 December 2011, with several key portfolios changing hands and other portfolios being redefined.[6][7] Further changes were made on 5 March 2012 following the resignation of and unsuccessful leadership challenge by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Kevin Rudd.[citation needed] Gillard implemented a further major reshuffle on 25 March 2013 following an abortive challenge from Rudd and his supporters.[8]

On 26 June 2013, former prime minister Kevin Rudd was once again elected Labor Party leader. Gillard resigned as prime minister with effect from 27 June 2013, and the second Rudd ministry was formed.[9]

Original ministry

[edit]

The following ministers served in the roles indicated from 14 September 2010 until 14 December 2011.

Cabinet

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Julia Gillard MP
Wayne Swan MP
Senator Chris Evans
Senator Stephen Conroy
Simon Crean MP
Kevin Rudd MP
Stephen Smith MP
Chris Bowen MP
Anthony Albanese MP
Nicola Roxon MP
Jenny Macklin MP
Tony Burke MP
Senator Penny Wong
Peter Garrett AM, MP
Senator Kim Carr
Robert McClelland MP
Senator Joe Ludwig
Martin Ferguson AM, MP
Dr Craig Emerson MP
Greg Combet AM, MP

Outer Ministry

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Tanya Plibersek MP
Brendan O'Connor MP
Kate Ellis MP
Senator Mark Arbib
Senator Nick Sherry
Warren Snowdon MP
Bill Shorten MP
Mark Butler MP
Gary Gray AO, MP
Jason Clare MP

Parliamentary Secretaries

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Justine Elliot MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Trade
Mike Kelly MP
Richard Marles MP
Senator Jan McLucas
David Bradbury MP
Senator Jacinta Collins
Julie Collins MP
Mark Dreyfus QC, MP
Catherine King MP
Senator Kate Lundy
Senator Don Farrell
Senator David Feeney
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence

December 2011 to March 2012

[edit]

The following ministers held office from 14 December 2011 to 5 March 2012. Tanya Plibersek was promoted to the cabinet and was appointed Minister for Health, whilst Nicola Roxon moved from Health to become Attorney-General. The cabinet grew to include Bill Shorten (who took Employment and Workplace Relations from Chris Evans) and Mark Butler, while Kim Carr was demoted to the outer ministry. Nick Sherry left the outer ministry, while Julie Collins and David Bradbury were promoted from parliamentary secretary into the outer cabinet, and Sid Sidebottom was appointed as a parliamentary secretary.

Kevin Rudd left the ministry the day before the February 2012 leadership spill, in which he was defeated by Gillard. Craig Emerson was subsequently named acting Foreign Minister.

Cabinet

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Julia Gillard MP
  • Prime Minister
Wayne Swan MP
  • Deputy Prime Minister
  • Treasurer
Senator Chris Evans
  • Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research
  • Leader of the Government in the Senate
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Minister for Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy
  • Minister assisting the Prime Minister on Digital Productivity
  • Deputy Leader of the Government in the Senate
Simon Crean MP
  • Minister for Regional Australia, Regional Development and Local Government
  • Minister for the Arts
Kevin Rudd MP
(until 26 February 2012)
  • Minister for Foreign Affairs
Stephen Smith MP
  • Minister for Defence
  • Deputy Leader of the House
Chris Bowen MP
  • Minister for Immigration and Citizenship
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
  • Leader of the House
Nicola Roxon MP
  • Attorney-General
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Minister for Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs
  • Minister for Disability Reform
Tony Burke MP
  • Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities
Senator Penny Wong
  • Minister for Finance and Deregulation
Peter Garrett MP
  • Minister for School Education, Early Childhood and Youth
Robert McClelland MP
Senator Joe Ludwig
  • Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Minister Assisting the Attorney-General on Queensland Floods Recovery
Martin Ferguson MP
  • Minister for Resources and Energy
  • Minister for Tourism
Dr Craig Emerson MP
  • Minister for Trade
Greg Combet MP
  • Minister for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
  • Minister for Industry and Innovation
Tanya Plibersek MP
  • Minister for Health
Bill Shorten MP
  • Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
  • Minister for Financial Services and Superannuation
Mark Butler MP
  • Minister for Mental Health and Ageing
  • Minister for Social Inclusion
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Mental Health Reform

Outer ministry

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Minister for Human Services
  • Minister Assisting the Minister for School Education
Senator Kim Carr
Senator Mark Arbib
  • Assistant Treasurer
  • Minister for Small Business
  • Minister for Sport
  • Manager of Government Business in the Senate
Kate Ellis MP
  • Minister for Employment Participation
  • Minister for Early Childhood and Childcare
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Minister for Veterans' Affairs
  • Minister for Defence Science and Personnel
  • Minister for Indigenous Health
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on the Centenary of ANZAC
Gary Gray AO MP
  • Special Minister of State
  • Minister for the Public Service and Integrity
Jason Clare MP
  • Minister for Home Affairs
  • Minister for Justice
Julie Collins MP
  • Minister for Community Services
  • Minister for Indigenous Employment and Economic Development
  • Minister for the Status of Women

Parliamentary Secretaries

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Justine Elliot MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Trade
Mike Kelly MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Richard Marles MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Pacific Island Affairs
Senator Jan McLucas
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Disabilities and Carers
David Bradbury MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Parliamentary Secretary for School Education and Workplace Relations
Mark Dreyfus QC MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Industry and Innovation
  • Cabinet Secretary
Senator Don Farrell
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Sustainability and Urban Water
Senator David Feeney
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Catherine King MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Infrastructure and Transport
Senator Kate Lundy
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs
Sid Sidebottom MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry

March 2012 to February 2013

[edit]

The following ministers held office from 5 March 2012 to 4 February 2013. A reshuffle was conducted to replace Kevin Rudd, Mark Arbib and Robert McClelland, who all left the ministry due to the February 2012 leadership spill. Bob Carr was named Foreign Minister, though his appointment was delayed until he took his seat in the Senate on 13 March. Craig Emerson continued to act as Foreign Minister until Carr took up the post. Nicola Roxon added the Emergency Management portfolio to her existing one, and Tony Burke likewise became Vice-President of the Executive Council. Brendan O'Connor was promoted to cabinet as Minister for Small Business, for Housing, and for Homelessness. Kate Lundy and David Bradbury were promoted to the outer ministry, and Bernie Ripoll and Sharon Bird were appointed parliamentary secretaries.

Cabinet

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Julia Gillard MP
  • Prime Minister
Wayne Swan MP
  • Deputy Prime Minister
  • Treasurer
Senator Chris Evans
  • Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research
  • Leader of the Government in the Senate
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Minister for Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy
  • Minister assisting the Prime Minister on Digital Productivity
  • Deputy Leader of the Government in the Senate
Simon Crean MP
  • Minister for Regional Australia, Regional Development and Local Government
  • Minister for the Arts
Senator Bob Carr
(from 13 March 2012)
  • Minister for Foreign Affairs
Stephen Smith MP
  • Minister for Defence
  • Deputy Leader of the House
Chris Bowen MP
  • Minister for Immigration and Citizenship
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
  • Leader of the House
Nicola Roxon MP
  • Attorney-General
  • Minister for Emergency Management
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Minister for Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs
  • Minister for Disability Reform
Tony Burke MP
  • Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities
  • Vice-President of the Executive Council
Senator Penny Wong
  • Minister for Finance and Deregulation
Peter Garrett MP
  • Minister for School Education, Early Childhood and Youth
Senator Joe Ludwig
  • Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Minister Assisting the Attorney-General on Queensland Floods Recovery
Martin Ferguson MP
  • Minister for Resources and Energy
  • Minister for Tourism
Dr Craig Emerson MP
  • Minister for Trade and Competitiveness
Greg Combet MP
  • Minister for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
  • Minister for Industry and Innovation
Tanya Plibersek MP
  • Minister for Health
Bill Shorten MP
  • Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
  • Minister for Financial Services and Superannuation
Mark Butler MP
  • Minister for Mental Health and Ageing
  • Minister for Social Inclusion
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Mental Health Reform
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Minister for Small Business
  • Minister for Housing
  • Minister for Homelessness

Outer Ministry

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Senator Kim Carr
  • Minister for Human Services
Kate Ellis MP
  • Minister for Employment Participation
  • Minister for Early Childhood and Childcare
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Minister for Veterans' Affairs
  • Minister for Defence Science and Personnel
  • Minister for Indigenous Health
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on the Centenary of ANZAC
Gary Gray AO MP
  • Special Minister of State
  • Minister for the Public Service and Integrity
Jason Clare MP
  • Minister for Home Affairs
  • Minister for Justice
  • Minister for Defence Materiel
Julie Collins MP
  • Minister for Community Services
  • Minister for Indigenous Employment and Economic Development
  • Minister for the Status of Women
Senator Kate Lundy
  • Minister for Sport
  • Minister for Multicultural Affairs
  • Minister Assisting the Minister for Industry and Innovation
David Bradbury MP
  • Assistant Treasurer
  • Minister Assisting for Deregulation

Parliamentary Secretaries

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Justine Elliot MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Trade
Mike Kelly MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Richard Marles MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Pacific Island Affairs
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs
Senator Jan McLucas
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Disabilities and Carers
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Parliamentary Secretary for School Education and Workplace Relations
  • Manager of Government Business in the Senate
Mark Dreyfus QC MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Industry and Innovation
  • Cabinet Secretary
Senator Don Farrell
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Sustainability and Urban Water
Senator David Feeney
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Catherine King MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Infrastructure and Transport
Sid Sidebottom MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Bernie Ripoll MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer
Sharon Bird MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Higher Education and Skills

February 2013 to March 2013

[edit]

The following ministers held office from 4 February 2013. The reshuffle occurred after the resignation from Cabinet of Attorney-General Nicola Roxon and Senator Chris Evans, Leader of the Government in the Senate and Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research.

As a result of a failed attempt to reinstall Kevin Rudd as Prime Minister in March 2013, Simon Crean was sacked as a minister. Cabinet ministers Chris Bowen and Martin Ferguson, minister Kim Carr, and parliamentary secretary Richard Marles resigned their positions. On 25 March 2013, Prime Minister Gillard announced a reconstituted Cabinet and Ministry.[8]

Cabinet

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Julia Gillard MP
  • Prime Minister
Wayne Swan MP
  • Deputy Prime Minister
  • Treasurer
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Minister for Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy
  • Minister assisting the Prime Minister on Digital Productivity
  • Leader of the Government in the Senate
Senator Penny Wong
  • Minister for Finance and Deregulation
  • Deputy Leader of the Government in the Senate
Simon Crean MP
  • Minister for Regional Australia, Regional Development and Local Government
  • Minister for the Arts
Stephen Smith MP
  • Minister for Defence
  • Deputy Leader of the House
Chris Bowen MP
  • Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research
  • Minister for Small Business
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
  • Leader of the House
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Minister for Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs
  • Minister for Disability Reform
Senator Bob Carr
  • Minister for Foreign Affairs
Tony Burke MP
  • Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities
  • Vice-President of the Executive Council
Peter Garrett MP
  • Minister for School Education, Early Childhood and Youth
Senator Joe Ludwig
  • Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Minister Assisting the Attorney-General on Queensland Floods Recovery
Martin Ferguson MP
  • Minister for Resources and Energy
  • Minister for Tourism
Dr Craig Emerson MP
  • Minister for Trade and Competitiveness
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Asian Century Policy
Greg Combet MP
  • Minister for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
  • Minister for Industry and Innovation
Tanya Plibersek MP
  • Minister for Health
Bill Shorten MP
  • Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
  • Minister for Financial Services and Superannuation
Mark Butler MP
  • Minister for Mental Health and Ageing
  • Minister for Social Inclusion
  • Minister for Housing and Homelessness
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Mental Health Reform
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Minister for Immigration and Citizenship
Mark Dreyfus QC, MP
  • Attorney-General
  • Minister for Emergency Management

Outer Ministry

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Senator Kim Carr
  • Minister for Human Services
Kate Ellis MP
  • Minister for Early Childhood and Childcare
  • Minister for Employment Participation
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Minister for Veterans' Affairs
  • Minister for Defence Science and Personnel
  • Minister for Indigenous Health
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on the Centenary of ANZAC
Gary Gray AO MP
  • Special Minister of State
  • Minister for the Public Service and Integrity
Jason Clare MP
  • Minister for Home Affairs
  • Minister for Justice
  • Cabinet Secretary
Julie Collins MP
  • Minister for Community Services
  • Minister for Indigenous Employment and Economic Development
  • Minister for the Status of Women
David Bradbury MP
  • Assistant Treasurer
  • Minister Assisting for Deregulation
Senator Kate Lundy
  • Minister for Sport
  • Minister for Multicultural Affairs
  • Minister Assisting the Minister for Industry and Innovation
Mike Kelly AM MP
  • Minister for Defence Materiel

Parliamentary Secretaries

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Kelvin Thomson MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Trade
Richard Marles MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Pacific Island Affairs
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs
Senator Jan McLucas
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Disabilities and Carers
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Parliamentary Secretary for School Education and Workplace Relations
  • Manager of Government Business in the Senate
Senator Don Farrell
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Sustainability and Urban Water
Senator David Feeney
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Catherine King MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Infrastructure and Transport
Sid Sidebottom MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Bernie Ripoll MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer
Sharon Bird MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Higher Education and Skills
Yvette D'Ath MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency
Melissa Parke MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Mental Health, Homelessness and Social Housing

March 2013 to June 2013

[edit]

The following Ministers held office from 25 March 2013 until the end of the Ministry in June 2013.[8]

Cabinet

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Julia Gillard MP
  • Prime Minister
Wayne Swan MP
  • Deputy Prime Minister
  • Treasurer
Senator Stephen Conroy
  • Minister for Broadband, Communications and the Digital Economy
  • Minister assisting the Prime Minister on Digital Productivity
  • Leader of the Government in the Senate
Senator Penny Wong
  • Minister for Finance and Deregulation
  • Deputy Leader of the Government in the Senate
Stephen Smith MP
  • Minister for Defence
  • Deputy Leader of the House
Anthony Albanese MP
  • Minister for Infrastructure and Transport
  • Minister for Regional Development and Local Government
  • Leader of the House
Jenny Macklin MP
  • Minister for Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs
  • Minister for Disability Reform
Senator Bob Carr
  • Minister for Foreign Affairs
Tony Burke MP
  • Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities
  • Minister for Arts
  • Vice-President of the Executive Council
Peter Garrett MP
  • Minister for School Education, Early Childhood and Youth
Senator Joe Ludwig
  • Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
  • Minister Assisting the Attorney-General on Queensland Floods Recovery
Dr Craig Emerson MP
  • Minister for Trade and Competitiveness
  • Minister for Tertiary Education, Skills, Science and Research
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Asian Century Policy
Greg Combet MP
  • Minister for Climate Change, Industry and Innovation
Tanya Plibersek MP
  • Minister for Health
Bill Shorten MP
  • Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations
  • Minister for Financial Services and Superannuation
Mark Butler MP
  • Minister for Mental Health and Ageing
  • Minister for Social Inclusion
  • Minister for Housing and Homelessness
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on Mental Health Reform
Brendan O'Connor MP
  • Minister for Immigration and Citizenship
Mark Dreyfus QC, MP
  • Attorney-General
  • Minister for Emergency Management
  • Special Minister for State
  • Minister for the Public Service and Integrity
Gary Gray MP
  • Minister for Resources and Energy
  • Minister for Tourism
  • Minister for Small Business
Jason Clare MP
  • Minister for Home Affairs
  • Minister for Justice
  • Cabinet Secretary

Outer Ministry

[edit]
Officeholder Office(s)
Senator Jan McLucas
  • Minister for Human Services
Kate Ellis MP
  • Minister for Early Childhood and Childcare
  • Minister for Employment Participation
Warren Snowdon MP
  • Minister for Veterans' Affairs
  • Minister for Defence Science and Personnel
  • Minister for Indigenous Health
  • Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on the Centenary of ANZAC
Julie Collins MP
  • Minister for Community Services
  • Minister for Indigenous Employment and Economic Development
  • Minister for the Status of Women
David Bradbury MP
  • Assistant Treasurer
  • Minister Assisting for Deregulation
Senator Kate Lundy
  • Minister for Sport
  • Minister for Multicultural Affairs
  • Minister Assisting for Industry and Innovation
Mike Kelly AM MP
  • Minister for Defence Materiel
Senator Don Farrell
  • Minister for Science and Research
  • Minister Assisting for Tourism
Sharon Bird MP
  • Minister for Higher Education and Skills
Catherine King MP
  • Minister for Regional Services, Local Communities and Territories
  • Minister for Road Safety

Parliamentary Secretaries

[edit]
Officeholde Office(s)
Kelvin Thomson MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Trade
Senator Jacinta Collins
  • Parliamentary Secretary for School Education and Workplace Relations
  • Manager of Government Business in the Senate
Senator David Feeney
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Defence
Sid Sidebottom MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
Bernie Ripoll MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Small Business
Yvette D'Ath MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Climate Change, Industry and Innovation
Melissa Parke MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Mental Health, Homelessness and Social Housing
Michael Danby MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for the Arts
Andrew Leigh MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Prime Minister
Senator Matt Thistlethwaite
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Pacific Island Affairs
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Multicultural Affairs
Amanda Rishworth MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Sustainability and Urban Water
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Disabilities and Carers
Shayne Neumann MP
  • Parliamentary Secretary to the Attorney-General
  • Parliamentary Secretary for Health and Ageing

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Ministries and Cabinets". Parliamentary Handbook. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  2. ^ "Special Gazette No. S162" (PDF). Commonwealth of Australia. 16 September 2010.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ "Governor-General swears in new ministry". ABC News. Australia. 14 September 2010.
  4. ^ "The Gillard ministry". The Sydney Morning Herald. 11 September 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  5. ^ "Prime Minister announces new Ministry" (Press release). Australian Labor Party. 11 September 2010. Archived from the original on 14 September 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  6. ^ "Changes to the Ministry" (Press release). Press Office of the Prime Minister of Australia. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  7. ^ Lester, Tim (12 December 2011). "Winners and losers in Gillard's reshuffle". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 12 December 2011.
  8. ^ a b c "Full list of changes to the Gillard ministry". The Sydney Morning Herald. 25 March 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
  9. ^ "Kevin Rudd sworn in as new Australian prime minister". BBC News. 27 June 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
[edit]
  • Ministry List (as at 14 September 2010), Parliament of Australia.
  • Ministry List (as at 14 December 2011), Parliament of Australia.