September 1937

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The following events occurred in September 1937:

September 1, 1937 (Wednesday)

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September 2, 1937 (Thursday)

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September 3, 1937 (Friday)

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  • Congress of Industrial Organizations leader John L. Lewis gave a radio address broadcast across the United States in which he attacked the Roosevelt Administration for professing impartiality in the country's labor disputes instead of supporting the workers. Lewis brought up the prospect of creating a farmer-labor third party movement.[4]
  • Another Soviet merchant ship, the Blagoev, was attacked near Greece and sunk in the Mediterranean.[5]

September 4, 1937 (Saturday)

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September 5, 1937 (Sunday)

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September 6, 1937 (Monday)

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September 7, 1937 (Tuesday)

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September 8, 1937 (Wednesday)

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  • Italy announced it would not be attending the upcoming Nyon Conference on Mediterranean piracy due to the Soviet Union's demands on Italy for satisfaction. Germany would not be participating either.[11]
  • Bloudan Conference: A Pan-Arab conference of 400 unofficial delegates in Bloudan rejected the Peel Commission report recommending partition of Palestine.[8]

September 9, 1937 (Thursday)

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  • Hitler laid the cornerstone for the Deutsches Stadion.[12] Like many major Nazi construction projects it would never be completed.

September 10, 1937 (Friday)

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September 11, 1937 (Saturday)

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September 12, 1937 (Sunday)

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  • Excerpts from a letter written by the imprisoned German pastor Martin Niemöller were read to his congregation. "I often think of others who must wander through the same dark valley as myself", one passage read. "But it is a comfort to us all to know that you are praying for us. I am certain the almighty God will triumph."[14]
  • Rudolf Caracciola of Germany won the Italian Grand Prix.

September 13, 1937 (Monday)

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September 14, 1937 (Tuesday)

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  • The Nyon Conference ended with an agreement to establish a system of patrol zones, with the British and French assuming the most responsibility.[8] It was agreed that submarines that attacked merchant vessels could be attacked in return by the patrols.[19]
  • Died: Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, 87, 1st President of Czechoslovakia

September 15, 1937 (Wednesday)

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September 16, 1937 (Thursday)

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  • The NAACP sent a telegram to President Roosevelt urging that he call upon Hugo Black to resign from the Supreme Court or "take other appropriate action in the absence of repudiation and disproof of the charges by Senator Black to relieve himself and the nation of the embarrassment of having upon the highest court a man pledged to uphold principles inimical to true Americanism."[21]
  • The British historical film Victoria the Great starring Anna Neagle premiered in London.[22]
  • Born: Jesse J. McCrary, Jr., lawyer and civil rights activist, in Blitchton, Florida (d. 2007)

September 17, 1937 (Friday)

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September 18, 1937 (Saturday)

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  • Spanish Prime Minister Juan Negrín spoke before the Assembly at the League of Nations, calling the Spanish Civil War "a war of invasion" and denouncing Hitler and Mussolini as "international highwaymen." Negrín called on the League to recognize German and Italian aggression, give the Republic the right to freely procure war materiel and have all foreign combatants withdrawn from Spanish territory.[24]
  • The Alliance of Democrats formed in Poland.

September 19, 1937 (Sunday)

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September 20, 1937 (Monday)

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  • Anthony Eden spoke at the League of Nations Assembly, telling Italy and Japan they were ruining themselves financially by their policies of territorial conquest and informing Germany that the way to obtain raw materials was to buy them instead of demanding colonies.[25]
  • Spain failed to get the two-thirds majority it needed to get re-elected onto the League of Nations council. The Latin American countries no longer supported the Spanish Republic because they had shifted their support to Franco.[25]
  • Died: Henry Denhardt, 61, American politician (shot); Lev Karakhan, 48, Soviet revolutionary and diplomat (killed in the Great Purge); Harry Stovey, 80, American baseball player; Felix M. Warburg, 66, German-born American banker

September 21, 1937 (Tuesday)

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  • 21 Japanese warplanes bombed the city of Canton for 90 minutes, killing many civilians.[26]
  • Italy reversed itself and agreed in principle to participate in the patrolling of the Mediterranean.[22][27]
  • The J. R. R. Tolkien children's fantasy novel The Hobbit was published in England.[28]
  • Died: Osgood Perkins, 45, American actor

September 22, 1937 (Wednesday)

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September 23, 1937 (Thursday)

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September 24, 1937 (Friday)

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September 25, 1937 (Saturday)

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September 26, 1937 (Sunday)

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September 27, 1937 (Monday)

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  • British authorities arrested 120 suspects in the Lewis Yelland Andrews murder.[34]
  • Italy signed on to the Nyon accords.[19]

September 28, 1937 (Tuesday)

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  • Hitler and Mussolini spoke at a rally in Berlin that was heard by millions around the world in a radio broadcast. Hitler went first and spoke of the "common ideals and interests inspiring Italy and Germany." Mussolini, delivering his speech in German, made the first official acknowledgement that Italy had troops in Spain when he said, "Where words are insufficient to carry on the fight we turn to weapons. We have done this in Spain, where thousands of Italian Fascist volunteers have lost their lives."[36]
  • At the League of Nations, Britain and France balked at Spain's demand to condemn Germany and Italy as aggressors and allow arms exports to the Spanish government, fearing it would worsen the general situation in Europe.[37]
  • The League of Nations officially condemned the Japanese bombing of Chinese cities.[37]
  • President Roosevelt dedicated the Bonneville Dam in the Columbia River Gorge.[16]
  • Born: Rod Roddy, radio and television announcer, in Fort Worth, Texas (d. 2003)

September 29, 1937 (Wednesday)

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September 30, 1937 (Thursday)

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References

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  1. ^ Holston, Kim R. (2013). Movie Roadshows: A History and Filmography of Reserved-Seat Limited Showings, 1911–1973. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-7864-6062-5.
  2. ^ "British Ship Sunk". The Sydney Morning Herald. September 3, 1937. p. 11.
  3. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (September 3, 1937). "Nazis to Punish Jews if a New Boycott Begins". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  4. ^ Manly, Chesly (September 4, 1937). "President Flayed by Lewis". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  5. ^ "Another Soviet Steamer Sunk In The Mediterranean". Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. September 4, 1937. p. 1.
  6. ^ "Moscow Rages Over Sinking of Ship by U-Boat". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 5, 1937. p. 3.
  7. ^ Boyle, John Hunter (1972). China and Japan at War, 1937–1945: The Politics of Collaboration. Stanford University Press. p. 127. ISBN 978-0-8047-0800-5.
  8. ^ a b c "Chronology 1937". indiana.edu. 2002. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  9. ^ "Soviet Charges Italian Subs Sank Two Ships". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 7, 1937. p. 1.
  10. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (September 8, 1937). "Nazis Back Italy and Japan". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  11. ^ Taylor, Edmond (September 9, 1937). "Italy Refuses Peace Talk". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  12. ^ Thies, Jochen (2012). Hitler's Plans for Global Domination: Nazi Architecture and Ultimate War Aims. Berghahn Books. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-85745-463-8.
  13. ^ "Woeld Jittery, President Says And Advocates A National Plan". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. September 12, 1937. p. 1.
  14. ^ "Letter From Jailed U-Boat Pastor Read to His Congregation". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 13, 1937. p. 8.
  15. ^ Matthäus, Jürgen; Roseman, Mark (2010). Jewish Responses to Persecution: 1933–1938. AltaMira Press. p. 448. ISBN 978-0-7591-1910-9.
  16. ^ a b c "1937". MusicAndHistory. Archived from the original on August 29, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  17. ^ "Tageseinträge für 13. September 1937". chroniknet. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  18. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (September 14, 1937). "Hitler Tells Why He Backs Spanish Rebels". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  19. ^ a b c Cortada, James W., ed. (1982). Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 509. ISBN 0-313-22054-9.
  20. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (September 16, 1937). "Eat at Hitler's? Brother Sets Up New Berlin Cafe". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 9.
  21. ^ Ball, Howard (1996). Hugo L. Black: Cold Steel Warrior. Oxford University Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-19-536018-9.
  22. ^ a b Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 486. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  23. ^ "Timeline: Carving Mount Rushmore". American Experience. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  24. ^ Taylor, Edmond (September 19, 1937). "Italy Jolted by 3 Nations". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  25. ^ a b Taylor, Eden (September 21, 1937). "Britain Rearms With Eye on Japs, Italy, Eden Says". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
  26. ^ "21 Jap Planes Bomb Canton; Nanking Raided". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 21, 1937. p. 1.
  27. ^ "Tageseinträge für 21. September 1937". chroniknet. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  28. ^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (2000). Carpenter, Humphrey (ed.). The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien. Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-618-05699-6.
  29. ^ Brewer, Sam (September 23, 1937). "Jap Apology for Shooting Envoy Soothes Britain". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 4.
  30. ^ "Want to Know Who Won Other Pennant? Yanks". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 24, 1937. p. 27.
  31. ^ "Vittorio Mussolini's Short Hollywood Visit". The Advocate. Burnie. October 9, 1937. p. 1.
  32. ^ "Tageseinträge für 24. September 1937". chroniknet. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  33. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (September 26, 1937). "Fascist-Nazi Caesars to Woo O. K. by World". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  34. ^ a b "120 Seized in Slaying of 2 Britons Nazareth Faces Huge Fine". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. September 28, 1937. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  35. ^ "Tageseinträge für 26. September 1937". chroniknet. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  36. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (September 29, 1937). "All of Europe Going Fascist! Duce Predicts". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 9.
  37. ^ a b "Tageseinträge für 28. September 1937". chroniknet. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  38. ^ "League Moves to Help Spain Against Italy". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 1, 1937. p. 10.
  39. ^ "Hubbell Beats Philles, 2-1, in Title Triumph". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 1, 1937. p. 29.