Folk dance

Traditional Valencian dances

A folk dance is a dance that reflects the life of the people of a certain country or region. Not all ethnic dances are folk dances. For example, ritual dances or dances of ritual origin are not considered to be folk dances. Ritual dances are usually called "religious dances" because of their purpose.

The terms "ethnic" and "traditional" are used when it is required to emphasize the cultural roots of the dance. In this sense, nearly all folk dances are ethnic ones. If some dances, such as polka, cross ethnic boundaries and even cross the boundary between "folk" and "ballroom dance", ethnic differences are often considerable enough to mention.[1]

Background

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Traditional dancers and performance during the Pulljay festivities in Tarabuco

Folk dances share some or all of the following attributes:

  • Dances are usually held at folk dance gatherings or social functions by people with little or no professional training, often to traditional music.
  • Dances not generally designed for public performance or the stage, though they may later be arranged and set for stage performances.
  • Execution dominated by an inherited tradition from various international cultures rather than innovation (though folk traditions change over time).
  • New dancers often learn informally by observing others or receiving help from others.

More controversially, some people define folk dancing as dancing for which there is no governing body or dancing for which there are no competitive or professional institutions. The term "folk dance" is sometimes applied to dances of historical importance in European culture and history; typically originating before the 20th century. For other cultures the terms "ethnic dance" or "traditional dance" are sometimes used, although the latter terms may encompass ceremonial dances.

There are a number of modern dances, such as hip hop dance, that evolve spontaneously, but the term "folk dance" is generally not applied to them, and the terms "street dance" or "vernacular dance" are used instead. The term "folk dance" is reserved for dances which are to a significant degree bound by tradition and originated in the times when the distinction existed between the dances of "common folk" and the dances of the modern ballroom dances originated from folk ones.

Europe

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Italians dancing the tarantella
Serbian folk group dancing at a festival
Rapper Sword Dancers - Sheffield Steel
Turkey folk dance
Armenian dancers. HlushenkovFolkFest in Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine.

Varieties of European folk dances include:

Sword dances include long sword dances and rapper dancing. Some choreographed dances such as contra dance, Scottish highland dance, Scottish country dance, and modern western square dance, are called folk dances, though this is not true in the strictest sense. Country dance overlaps with contemporary folk dance and ballroom dance. Most country dances and ballroom dances originated from folk dances, with gradual refinement over the years.

People familiar with folk dancing can often determine what country a dance is from even if they have not seen that particular dance before. Some countries' dances have features that are unique to that country, although neighboring countries sometimes have similar features. For example, the German and Austrian schuhplattling dance consists of slapping the body and shoes in a fixed pattern, a feature that few other countries' dances have.

Folk dances sometimes evolved long before current political boundaries, so that certain dances are shared by several countries. For example, some Serbian, Bulgarian, and Croatian dances share the same or similar dances, and sometimes even use the same name and music for those dances.

International folk dance groups exist in cities and college campuses in many countries, in which dancers learn folk dances from many cultures for recreation.

Balfolk events are social dance events with live music in Western and Central Europe, originating in the folk revival of the 1970s and becoming more popular since about 2000, where popular European partner dances from the end of the 19th century such as the schottische, polka, mazurka and waltz are danced, with additionally other European folk dances, mainly from France, but also from Sweden, Spain and other countries.

Middle East, Central Asia and South Asia

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various dances such as tamang selo and many others

India

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For a more comprehensive list, see List of Indian folk dances.

East and Southeast Asia

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China

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Further information: Dance_in_China § Traditional_dance

Cambodia

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Further information: Dance_in_Cambodia § Folk_dance
Cambodian Peacock dance

Indonesia

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Javanese dancer performing Srimpi dance in Java, Indonesia
Main article: Dance in Indonesia

Japan

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Further information: Dance in Japan

Korea

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Further information: Korean_dance § Folk_dance

Malaysia

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Further information: Dance_in_Malaysia § Malay_Folk_Dances

Nepal

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Further information: Dance in Nepal

Philippines

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Further information: Philippine dance
Singkil, traditional folk dance of the Maranao people of the Philippines depicting parts of the epic poem, Darangen.
Members from the Philippine Cultural Dancers group perform tinikling during the 2007 Asian Pacific Heritage Month celebration at the Kadena Air Base, Japan

Taiwan

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South America

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Argentina

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Brazil

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Peru

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Venezuela

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Africa

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Angola

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Cameroon

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Ghana

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Niger

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North America

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United States

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Mexico

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Dominican Republic

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Oceania

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Notable people

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See also

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Look up folk dance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

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  1. ^ "Folk dance | Definition, Music, History, Types, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  2. ^ V@DIM. "Golden age". www.turkmenistan.gov.tm.
  3. ^ Lytle 2023.
  4. ^ "Tarian Zapin – Yayasan Warisan Johor". Archived from the original on 2018-09-16. Retrieved 2017-05-25.

Sources

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Folk dance.
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