无国家民族 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
此條目可能包含原创研究。 (2023年10月1日) |
无国家民族[1](英語:Stateless nation),又稱沒有國家的民族,是指在任何國家都不是多數族裔的族群或民族。该詞彙是一個領土收復主義用詞,意指該民族應該擁有以其为主体民族的國家。符合这一定义的民族可能分布在多个主权国家境内,也可能仅在某一个国家的部分地區聚居,他们可能拥有其所在國家的國籍,也可能被其所在國家剝奪公民權。部分该类民族在歷史上曾建立过國家,或曾拥有實際上獨立的政权,也有很多从未建立过独立政权。許多沒有國家的民族都遭到歧視,甚至是種族清洗,也引發戰爭和分裂主義運動。一些沒有國家的民族現在已經成為民族國家(如南斯拉夫解體後形成的各國家)。
部分無國家民族實例
[编辑]其他
[编辑]中国大陆境内许多有独立语言/文字的少数民族均没有本民族的民族国家,如分布于东北的满族、赫哲族、鄂伦春族、鄂温克族,西南的哈尼族、壮族、彝族、白族、瑶族、布依族、黎族等。
中華民國亦有臺灣原住民族,現今主要位於臺灣本島東部、西部山區以及蘭嶼,並由官方劃定為原住民族地區(簡稱原鄉),原住民族則享有自治權。根據《原住民身份法》登記之戶口統計至少約57萬多人口(2019年11月),佔臺灣人口的2.38%。
參見
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外部連結
[编辑]- 欧洲沒有國家的民族地图,欧洲少数民族利益團體发布
- 联合国在民族或族裔、宗教和语言上属于少数群体的人的权利宣言 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)