Al-Butaymat

Al-Butaymat
البطيمات
Buteimat, al-Buteimat
Village
Etymology: "the place with the terebinths."[1]
1870s map
1940s map
modern map
1940s with modern overlay map
A series of historical maps of the area around Al-Butaymat (click the buttons)
Al-Butaymat is located in Mandatory Palestine
Al-Butaymat
Al-Butaymat
Location within Mandatory Palestine
Coordinates: 32°33′12″N 35°5′38″E / 32.55333°N 35.09389°E / 32.55333; 35.09389
Palestine grid159/217
Geopolitical entityMandatory Palestine
SubdistrictHaifa
Date of depopulationMay 1948[4]
Population
 (1945)
 • Total110[2][3]
Cause(s) of depopulationFear of being caught up in the fighting
Current LocalitiesGal'ed[5] Former: Regavim[6]

Al-Butaymat (Arabic: البطيمات, El Buteimât) was a Palestinian Arab village the Haifa Subdistrict, located 31 kilometers (19 mi) southeast of Haifa. It was depopulated during the 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 1, 1948, under the Battle of Mishmar HaEmek.

History

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In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) found "traces of ruins" here.[7]

Haifa merchant Mustafa al-Khalil acquired land in among other places, Al-Butaymat, in the late Ottoman era.[8]

During the 19th and first half of the 20th century, al-Butaymat was one of the settlements of the so-called "Fahmawi Commonwealth" established by Hebronite clans belonging to Umm al-Fahm. The Commonwealth consisted of a network of interspersed communities connected by ties of kinship, and socially, economically and politically affiliated with Umm al Fahm. The Commonwealth dominated vast sections of Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe, Wadi 'Ara and Marj Ibn 'Amir/Jezreel Valley during that time.[9]

British Mandate era

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In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, ‘’Al Buteimat’’ had a population 137, all Muslims,[10] decreasing in the 1931 census to 112 Muslims, in a total of 29 houses.[11]

In the 1945 statistics the village had a population of 110 Muslims,[2] and they had 3,832 dunams of land according to an official land and population survey.[3] Of this, 8 dunams were for plantations and irrigable land, 2,508 for cereals,[12] while 4 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[13]

In 1945 the kibbutz of Gal'ed was established on what was traditionally village land.[5]

1948 and aftermath

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Benny Morris gives May 1948 as depopulation date, and "Fear of being caught up in the fighting" as the cause, but with a question mark.[4][14][15][16][17]

In 1992 the village site was described: "The site is fenced in, overgrown with grass and cactuses. There are no traces of houses except for adobe bricks scattered around the site. Most of the surrounding lands are used as grazing areas, but some of them are cultivated."[5]

References

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  1. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 154
  2. ^ a b Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 13
  3. ^ a b Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 47 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ a b Morris, 2004, p. xviii village #156. Also gives cause of depopulation, but cause indicated in brackets by a question mark.
  5. ^ a b c Khalidi, 1992, p. 157
  6. ^ Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #15, July, 1948. Moved to the land of Qannir in 1949.
  7. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 71
  8. ^ Yazbak, 1998, p. 142
  9. ^ Marom, Roy; Tepper, Yotam; Adams, Matthew J. (2024-01-03). "Al-Lajjun: a Social and geographic account of a Palestinian Village during the British Mandate Period". British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies: 8–11. doi:10.1080/13530194.2023.2279340. ISSN 1353-0194.
  10. ^ Barron, 1923, Table xi, Sub-district of Haifa, p. 34
  11. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 89
  12. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 89 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 139 Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ Morris, 2004, p. 132
  15. ^ Morris, 2004, p. 314
  16. ^ Morris, 2004, p. 350
  17. ^ Morris, 2004, p. 406

Bibliography

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