Falange Española de las JONS (1976)

Spanish Falange of the Councils for the National Syndicalist Offensive Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista
Leader	Norberto Pedro Pico Sanabria
Founded	4 October 1976 (1976-10-04)
Preceded by	FET y de las JONS
Headquarters	C/ Carranza 13 2º 28004, Madrid
Newspaper	En Marcha (from 2017) Patria Sindicalista (1977–2017)
Ideology	Falangism • Ultranationalism • National syndicalism • Third Position • Republicanism • Anti-capitalism • Anti-communism • Anti-liberalism
Political position	Far-right
Religion	Roman Catholicism
National affiliation	ADÑ–Spanish Identity
Colors	Red   Black
Anthem	Cara al Sol
Party flag
Website
www.falange.es
Politics of Spain Political parties Elections

Falange Española de las JONS (Spanish for "Spanish Falange of the Councils for the National Syndicalist Offensive", FE de las JONS) is a Spanish political party registered in 1976, originating from a faction of the previous Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista.^[1] The word Falange is Spanish for phalanx. Members of the party are called Falangists (Spanish: falangistas). The main ideological bases of the party are national syndicalism, Third Position and ultranationalism.

After the death of dictator Francisco Franco in 1975, and coinciding with the period known as the Spanish Transition, a destabilization campaign led by some sectors of the right, trying to repeat the strategy of the 1930s, began. Originally, FE-JONS was linked with the neofascist terrorism in Spain, along with other similar groups.^[2] A prominent member of the party was linked with the 1977 Massacre of Atocha. This strategy continued in the following years,^[3][4] although the party also participated in elections and fully legal activities. In 1980 an "escuadrilla" (squadron) of the party killed Juan Carlos García Pérez in Ciudad Lineal, Madrid.^[5]

After the electoral defeat in the general elections of 1977, in which the candidacies openly defending neo-francoist positions gained less than the 1% of the vote, the party begun a gradual distancing from the Franco regime, highlighting the thoughts of pre-Franco falangists, like José Antonio Primo de Rivera or Ramiro Ledesma.^[6] In 1979 the Círculos Doctrinales José Antonio joined the organization, in an attempt to unite neofalangists under a single political party. The same year FE-JONS formed a coalition with Fuerza Nueva and various Carlist political organizations called National Union. The coalition gained 1 MP in the elections of that year, gaining 378,964 votes (2.11%). The party didn't participate in the 23-F coup attempt.

Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta, the "National Chief" of the party since its foundation, resigned in 1983. Diego Márquez Horrillo (1928-2014) was elected as the new chief the same year. Since then the party fully broke with Francoism, declaring itself the successor of the original Falange Española de las JONS, and fully rejecting the "Unification Decree" of 1937.

In 1999, a sector of the party split, forming La Falange. In 2004, the small faction Falange Española Independiente (FEI) joined FE-JONS. In 2011 the organization elected a new national chief, Norberto Pedro Pico Sanabria. Pico was an ex-member of the FEI. In 2012 another small faction, Mesa Nacional Falangista, joined FE-JONS.^[7]

In March 2020, Luz Belinda Rodríguez, a member of the Parliament of Andalusia who had left Vox to become an unaffiliated legislator in January 2020,^[8] reportedly joined the Falange and vowed to bring the initiatives of FE-JONS to the Parliament of Andalusia.^[9] She then quit the Falange to found her own party.^[10]

On July 8, 2023, the Junta Electoral Central gave permission for the Falange to use their anthem Cara al Sol in advertisement, citing that the lyrics themselves do not violate the Democratic Memory Law and do not incite conflict or hatred against any specific group.^[11]

On October 29, 2024, La Falange announced it would be rejoining FE-JONS after 48 years.^[12]

Cortes Generales
Election	Leading candidate	Congress				Senate		Government
		Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Seats	+/–
1977		46,548	0.25	0 / 350	New	0 / 208	New	No seats
1979	In coalition with National Union			1 / 350	1	0 / 208	0	Opposition
1982		2,528	0.01	0 / 350	1	0 / 208	0	No seats
1986		43,449	0.22	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
1989		24,025	0.12	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
1993		8,000	0.03	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
2004		12,266	0.05	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
2008		14,023	0.05	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
2011		2,901	0.01	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
2015		7,495	0.03	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
2016		9,862	0.04	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
Apr. 2019		641	0.00	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	Snap election
Nov. 2019		608	0.00	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats
2023	Norberto Pico	4,683	0.02	0 / 350	0	0 / 208	0	No seats

Symbols of Falangism:

• Yoke and arrows, the symbol of the Catholic Monarchs.
• The blue shirt, a symbol of industrial workers.
• Cara al Sol, "Facing the sun", its anthem.
• A flag with red and black vertical stripes.
• The Swan as a symbol of Grand Inquisitor Cisneros (1436–1517) (universitarian branch).

• FET-JONS
• Falange Española
• JONS
• Falangism in Latin America
• Lebanese Phalanges
• National Radical Camp Falanga

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Falange Española de las JONS (1976).

• Falange Española de las JONS (in Spanish)