Classical Antiquity is a period in the history of the Near East and Mediterranean , extending roughly from the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD. It is conventionally taken to begin with the earliest-recorded Greek poetry of Homer (8th–7th century BC), and continues through the emergence of Christianity and the decline of the Roman Empire in the 5th to 6th centuries, the period during which Late Antiquity blends into the "Dark Ages " or Early Middle Ages .
The geographic scope of Classical Antiquity may be taken to extend to Central Asia and North India due to the far-reaching influence of Greek culture during the Hellenistic period (late 4th to 2nd centuries BC), but the historiographies of other world regions have their own notion of "classicity" which do not fall within the scope of this list.
Eurasian Steppe and Central Asia [ edit ] name capital state type existed Albania Kabalak, Partav Kingdom/client 65 BC – 628 AD Bactria Bactra Tribal kingdom/client 2140–550 BC Balhara Balkh Tribal kingdom 12th–7th centuries BC Cimmerian Bosporus Panticapaeum Kingdom/client 480 BC – 370 AD Cimmeria Not specified Tribal confederation 1300–626 BC Colchis Phasis Kingdom 1300 BC – 2nd century AD Dayuan Kingdom/client 329 BC – 280 AD Fergana Khokand Tribal confederation/kingdom 500 BC – 590 AD Greco-Bactria Bactra, Alexandria on the Oxus Kingdom 256–125 BC Iberia Armazi, Mtskheta, Tbilisi Kingdom 302 BC – 508 AD Indo-Greek Alexandria(Caucasus), Taxila, Sagala Kingdom 180 BC – 10 AD Indo-Parthia Taxila Kingdom 12 BC – 98 AD Indo-Scythia Sigal, Taxila, Mathura Kingdom 200 BC – 400 AD Kangju Tribal federation 280 BC – 585 AD Kashgar Kashgar Kingdom/client 80–850 AD Kucha Kucha Buddhist kingdom 46–658 AD Kushan Empire Bagram, Peshawar, Taxila, Mathura Empire 30–375 AD Khwarezm Kath, Gurganj Kingdom 180 BC – 98 AD Lazica Phasis Kingdom/client 1st century BC – 7th century AD Macedonian Empire Pella Empire 334–323 BC Massagetae Tribal kingdom c. 8th century BCE–c. 3rd century BCE Maurya Empire Pataliputra Empire 322–185 BC Parthian Empire Ctesiphon Empire 247 BC – 224 AD Persian Empire Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa Empire 549–330 BC Scythia Neopolis Tribal kingdom 690BC-250 BC Seleucid Empire Seleucia, Antioch Empire 312–63 BC Sogdiana Samarkand, Bukhara, Khujand, Kesh Kingdom/client 750–550 BC
East Asia/Southeast Asia[ edit ] Map of the world in 100 BC Name Capital/s Type Existed Âu Lạc Cổ Loa Kingdom 257–207 BC Baekje Wirye, Ungjin, Sabi Kingdom 18 BC – 660 AD Buyeo Buyeoseong Kingdom 189 BC – 494 AD Champa Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga Kingdom 192–1832 AD Chengjia Chengdu Kingdom 25–36 AD Chi Tu Kingdom 100 BC – 7th century AD Chouchi Lüeyang Principality 184–511 AD Chu Danyang, JiangYing, JiYing, Shouchun, Client viscountcy/kingdom 1030–223 BC Dian Kingdom 300–109 BC Donghu Nomadic tribal confederation 700–150 BC Dong'ou Dong'ou Kingdom 191–111 BC Funan Vyadhapura,Óc Eo Kingdom 60–550 AD Gangga Negara Gangga Negara Kingdom 2nd–11th centuries AD Gaya Gaya Confederacy 42–562 AD Goguryeo Jolbon, Gungnae, Pyongyang. Kingdom 37 BC – 668 AD Gojoseon Asadal, Wanggeom-seong Kingdom 1500–108 BC Han empire Chang'an, Luoyang, Xuchang Empire 206 BC-220 AD Kofun period (Japan) 300–538 Jin Tribal federation 550–108 BC Jolbon Tribal kingdom 1st century – 37 BC Kandis kingdom Kingdom 1st century BC – 13th century AD Langkasuka Kedah, Pattani Kingdom 100–1516 AD Mahan Cheonan Confederacy 98 BC – 250 AD Minyue Ye Kingdom 334–111 AD Na Kingdom 1st century – 3rd century AD Nanyue Panyu Kingdom 204–111 BC Pyu Sri Ksetra Federated city states 250 BC – 1085 AD Qi Linzi Client dukedom 1046–221 BC Qin Qin, Quanqiu, Qian, Pingyang Client marquisate/dukedom 858–221 BC Qin empire Xianyang Empire 221–206 BC Samaskuta kingdom Kingdom ?–5th century AD Siljik Kingdom 102 – 6th century AD Silla Gyeongju Kingdom 55 BC – 935 AD Sumpa Tribal chiefdom/client 1600 BC – 7th century AD Thaton Thaton Kingdom 300 BC – 1085 AD Wei Anyi, Daliang Marquisate/kingdom 403–225 BC Văn Lang Anyang Confederation/kingdoms 1430–258 BC Xianbei Nomadic (empire) 93–234 AD Xiongnu Tribal confederation (empire) 209–155 BC Yamatai Kingdom 1st century – 3rd century AD Yan Ji Principality 1046–222 BC Zhangzhung Kyunglung Kingdom 500 BC – 625 AD Zhou Haojing, Luoyi Kingdom 1046–256 BC
Map of the world in 200 AD Name Capital State type Existed Abhira dynasty Dvaraka Kingdom 200–315/370 AD Anuradhapura Anuradhapura Kingdom 377 BC – 1017 AD Anga Champa or Campā Kingdom 1380–550 BC Arjunayanas Republic 2nd century BC – 6th century AD Ay Aykudi Kingdom 4th century BC – 12th century AD Chola Urayur/Kaveripattinam Kingdom 2645–110 BC Chutu dynasty Banavasi Kingdom 1st century BC – 3rd century AD Gangaridai Ganges Kingdom 450–200 BC Haryanka Rajagriha, later Pataliputra Kingdom 684–413 BC Indo-Greek Alexandria in the Caucasus, Taxila, Sagala Kingdom 180 BC – 10 AD Indo-Parthia Taxila Kingdom 12 BC – 98 AD Indo-Scythia Sigal, Taxila, Mathura Kingdom 200 BC – 400 AD Kalabhra dynasty Various Kingdom 1376–285 BC Kalinga republic Dantapura/Rajapura Republic 3rd–6th century AD Kamboja Rajapura Kingdom 1450–195 BC Kasmira Asirgarh Qila Kingdom 1250–322 BC Kimpurusha Kingdom 1000–325 BC Kirata Tribal kingdom 1350 – c. 300 BC Kosala Shravasti Kingdom 1000–266 BC Kuninda Shravasti Kingdom 500 BC – 300 AD Kushan Empire Bagram, Peshawar, Taxila, Mathura Empire 30–375 AD Maya Rata Panduwasnuwara Kingdom 504 BC – 1153 AD Mahameghavahana dynasty Kingdom 1st century BC – 4th century AD Magadha Rajagriha/Rajgir /Pataliputra Kingdom 799–323 BC Malla Kusinārā , Pāvā Republic c. 7th century –c. 4th century BCE Mitra dynasty Mathura Kingdom 150–50 BC Maurya Empire Pataliputra Empire 322–185 BC Mushika Ezhimalai Kingdom 3rd century BC – 4th century AD Nagas of Padmavati Padmavati Kingdom 3rd–4th century AD Nanda Empire Pataliputra Empire 345–322 BC Panchala Ahichatra, Kampilya Kingdom/republic 700–323 BC Pandya Madurai Kingdom 600 BC – 1618 AD Pallava Empire Kanchi Empire 275–897 AD Pauravas Kingdom 350–150 BC Parvata Kingdom c. 9th century – 325 BC Persian Empire Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa Empire 549–330 BC Pundra Pundravardhana Kingdom 1300 BC – 550 AD Ruhuna Magama Principality 200 BC – 450 AD Samatata Samatata Kingdom 232 BC – 7th c AD Satavahana Empire Amaravati Empire 230 BC – 230 AD Seleucid Empire Seleucia, Antioch Empire 312–63 BC Shakya Kapilavatthu Monarchical Republic 800–320 BC Shunga empire Vidisha Empire 187–73 BC Sindhu Vrsadarbhpura Kingdom 800–320 BC Suhma not specified Kingdom c. 8th century – 4th century BC Surasena Methora Kingdom 1000–323 BC Tambapanni Tambapanni Kingdom 543–505 BC Trigarta Prasthala Kingdom 1150–322 BC Vanga Gange Kingdom 1300 BC – 580 AD Vatsa Kauśāmbī Kingdom 1100–323 BC Vajjika League Vaishali Confederacy c. 7th century BCE - c. 468 BCE Yaudheya Rohtak Republic 5th century BC – 4th century AD
name capital state type existed Adiabene Arbela Kingdom/client 15–310 AD Antigonid Empire Empire 306–168 BC Araba Hatra Kingdom 3rd century BC – 300AD Armenia Van Kingdom 553 BC – 428AD Armenia Minor Kingdom 331–72 BC Atropatene Ganzak Kingdom/client 320 BC – 226AD Awsan Ḥajar Yaḥirr Kingdom 8th–7th century BC Bithynia Nicomedia, Nicaea Kingdom/client 297–74 BC Cappadocia Mazaca Kingdom/client 332–130 BC Chaldea Bit Yakin Kingdom 1100–539 BC Characene Charax Spasinou Kingdom 127 BC – 222 AD Cilicia Tarsus Kingdom 795–546 BC Commagene Samosata Kingdom/client 163 BC – 72 AD Corduene Principality/kingdom/client 800 BC – 653 AD Doris Doris Kingdom 1200–580 BC Edom Rabbath Ammon Kingdom 1200–125 BC Elamite empire Susa Empire 1210–535 BC Elymais Susa Kingdom/client 147 BC −224 AD Galatia Ancyra Empire 280–64 BC Gardman Parisos Principality/kingdom/client 66–428 AD Gerrha Gerrha Kingdom 650 BC – 300 AD Greco-Bactria Bactra, Alexandria (Oxus) Kingdom 256–125 BC Hadhramaut Kingdom 700 BC – 320 AD Haram Haram Kingdom city state 600 – 175 BC Hasmonean dynasty Jerusalem Kingdom/client kingdom 140–37 BC Heraclea Pontica Heraclea Pontica Oligarchic republic 365–284 BC Himyarite Kingdom Zafar, later Sana'a Kingdom 110 BC – 525 AD Judah Jerusalem Kingdom 9th century BC – 586 BC Kinda Qaryat Dhāt Kāhil Tribal kingdom 2nd century BC – 525 AD Lihyan Dedan Kingdom 6th–3rd century BC Lycaonia Iconium Kingdom 340–200 BC Lycia Xanthos, Patara Kingdom 1183–546 BC Lydian Empire Sardis Empire 680–546 BC Macedonian Empire Pella Empire 334–323 BC Magan Kingdom 2200–550 BC Ma'in ?/ Yathill Kingdom 580–85 BC Median Empire Ecbatana Empire 678–549 BC Mysia Pergamon Kingdom 1320–301 BC[ 2] Nabataea Petra Kingdom 168 BC – 106 AD Neo-Babylonian Empire Babylon Empire 626–539 BC Osroene Edessa Kingdom/client 134 BC – 244 AD Paphlagonia Gangra Kingdom 1480–183 BC[ 3] Pamphylia Perga Kingdom 398–190 BC Parsua Tribal chiefdom/kingdom[ 4] 860–600 BC Parthian empire Ctesiphon Empire 247 BC – 224 AD Pergamon Pegamon Kingdom 282–133 BC Persian empire Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa Empire 549–330 BC Pontic empire Amaseia, Sinope Empire 250 BC – 68 AD Pontus Amaseia, Sinope Kingdom 281–250 BC Qataban Timna Kingdom 6th century BC – 2nd century AD Ptolemaic Alexandria Kingdom/empire 305–30 BC Roman Empire Rome, Constantinople Empire 27 BC – 1453 AD Roman Republic Rome Republic 509–27 BC Saba' Sirwah , Ma'rib Kingdom 12th/8th century BC – 275 AD Seleucid empire Seleucia, Antioch Empire 312–63 BC Sophene Karkathiokerta Kingdom 298–94 BC Zabdicene Principality/client 780 BC – 5th century AD Zikirti Kingdom 750–521 BC