Osgoode Hall

Osgoode Hall
Osgoode Hall was designed in a late-Palladian style.
General information
Status	Completed
Type	Office building and courthouse
Architectural style	Palladian, Neoclassical
Address	130 Queen Street West
Town or city	Toronto, Ontario
Country	Canada
Coordinates	43°39′08″N 79°23′08″W / 43.65222°N 79.38556°W / 43.65222; -79.38556
Current tenants	Law Society of Ontario; Ontario Court of Appeal; Ontario Superior Court of Justice
Named for	William Osgoode
Construction started	1829
Completed	1832
Owner	Law Society of Ontario & Government of Ontario
Technical details
Floor count	3
Grounds	6 acres (2.4 ha)
Design and construction
Architect(s)	John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin
National Historic Site of Canada
Designated	1979
Ontario Heritage Act
Designated	1990

Osgoode Hall is a landmark building in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The original 2+1⁄2-storey building was started in 1829 and finished in 1832 from a design by John Ewart and William Warren Baldwin. The structure is named for William Osgoode,^[1] the first Chief Justice of Upper Canada (now the province of Ontario).^[2]

It originally served to house the regulatory body for lawyers in Ontario along with its law school, formally established as Osgoode Hall Law School in 1889, which was the only recognized professional law school for the province at the time.^[3] The original building was constructed between 1829 and 1832 in the late Georgian Palladian and Neoclassical styles. It currently houses the Ontario Court of Appeal, the Divisional Court of the Superior Court of Justice, the offices of the Law Society of Ontario and the Great Library of the Law Society.

The 6-acre (2.4 ha) site at the corner of Lot Street (Queen Street West today) and College Avenue (University Avenue today) was acquired by the Law Society in 1828.^[4] At the time, the location was on the northwest edge of the city, which has since grown around the building. It was originally bounded on its north side by Osgoode Street, and on its east side by a street that would eventually be known as Chestnut Street. The former no longer exists, and the latter now stops at Armoury Street, as Nathan Phillips Square now lies to the east. The portico of Osgoode Hall's east wing was built at the head of Toronto's York Street to serve as a terminating vista, though it is now obscured by trees planted on the building's lawn. Osgoode Hall, together from which the Osgoode Hall Law School (affiliated as a professional school at York University), received its name in honour of William Osgoode, which was lent in turn to the adjacent Osgoode subway station.

Between the rebellions taking place in 1837-8 until 1843, the hall was used as troop barracks.^[4] When the Law Society regained possession in 1844, an expansion was designed by Henry Bowyer Lane; the West Wing and Library were built, with two domes (later removed) over the library to connect the two wings.^[4] In 1846 the Law Society entered into an agreement with the government to house the province's Superior Court at the hall.^{[citation needed]} Today, the building is jointly owned by the Law Society and the Government of Ontario.

From 1855 to 1857, the building was refurbished and enlarged again, according to a design by the firm Cumberland and Storm, to accommodate courts with the original 1829 building becoming the east wing. From 1880 to 1891, the building was again expanded twice in order to accommodate its law school.

The building was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1979,^[5][6] and by the City of Toronto under the Ontario Heritage Act in 1990.^[7]

Despite the expansions, the hall presents a unified design in the late Palladian style. The iron fence surrounding the lawns of Osgoode Hall has become a landmark in itself. Its distinctive iron gates are narrow and restrictive; it is a long-standing myth that they were designed to keep livestock out of the grounds of the hall. Despite this, an incident in the 1950s occurred in which students unsuccessfully attempted to pass a cow through one of the gates.^[8] The gates were likely due to Victorian architectural fashion, rather than wandering cattle.^[9][10]

Two libraries are housed within Osgoode Hall: the Great Library of the Law Society of Ontario and a smaller library for judges. The Great Library was designed by Cumberland and Storm (1857–1860) and features an ornate plaster ceiling, cork floors, an iron spiral staircase and etched glass windows. A War Memorial by Frances Loring (1887–1968), sculpted in 1928, was added to the Great Library in honour of Ontario lawyers and law students who were killed during the First World War. Behind the Great Library (and accessible through it) is the American Room, designed by Burke and Horwood in 1895, a more intimate room with a spiral staircase. The Toronto Courthouse at 361 University Avenue, directly to the north, is accessible through a connecting tunnel.

• 
  Sculpture inside the hall
• 
  Osgoode Hall Dining Room
• 
  Hall Rooms
• 
  Hall lobby
• 
  Level 2 Courtroom
• 
  American Room

• List of oldest buildings and structures in Toronto

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Osgoode Hall.

• Osgoode Hall Turns 175 - Documenting a Landmark Web exhibit at the Archives of Ontario
• Susan Law's personal Osgoode Hall main site
• Audio Tours of Osgoode Hall from the Law Society of Upper Canada website.
• Visual Tour of Osgoode Hall from the Law Society of Upper Canada website.
• Osgoode Hall National Historic Site of Canada. Canadian Register of Historic Places.
• Information on Osgoode Hall tours and other heritage programs on the Discover Ontario Museums website.