León is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish : circunscripciones ) represented in the Congress of Deputies , the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales . The constituency currently elects four deputies . Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of León . The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation , with a minimum threshold of three percent.
The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election . The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies ,[ 2] Spanish Constitution of 1978 . Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law , needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales .[ 3]
Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage , which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish : Voto rogado ) which was abolished in 2022.[ 4] [ 5] D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation , with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting .[ 3] [ 6] [ 7] district magnitude .[ 8]
The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry , coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[ 6] [ 7]
2023 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 101,605 36.92 +8.49 2 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 92,578 33.64 +0.18 2 ±0 Vox (Vox) 35,451 12.88 –2.68 0 –1 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 22,675 8.24 +4.59 0 ±0 Unite (Sumar)1 18,577 6.75 –3.71 0 ±0 Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 895 0.33 –0.24 0 ±0 Workers' Front (FO) 541 0.20 New 0 ±0 Empty Spain (España Vaciada) 486 0.18 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 319 0.12 –0.02 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 309 0.11 –0.02 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 155 0.06 –0.06 0 ±0 Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 72 0.03 –0.04 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,577 0.57 –0.46 Total 275,240 4 ±0 Valid votes 275,240 99.10 +0.24 Invalid votes 2,486 0.90 –0.24 Votes cast / turnout 277,726 65.67 +4.17 Abstentions 145,191 34.33 –4.17 Registered voters 422,917 Sources[ 9]
November 2019 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 87,896 33.46 +0.70 2 ±0 People's Party (PP) 74,672 28.43 +4.93 1 ±0 Vox (Vox) 40,884 15.56 +4.02 1 +1 United We Can (Podemos –IU ) 27,478 10.46 –1.58 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 16,731 6.37 –11.10 0 –1 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 9,588 3.65 New 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,505 0.57 –0.23 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 379 0.14 ±0.00 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 341 0.13 –0.38 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 317 0.12 –0.02 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group –PCAS –TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 178 0.07 –0.03 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,710 1.03 +0.04 Total 262,679 4 ±0 Valid votes 262,679 98.86 +0.27 Invalid votes 3,032 1.14 –0.27 Votes cast / turnout 265,711 61.50 –6.72 Abstentions 166,362 38.50 +6.72 Registered voters 432,073 Sources[ 10]
April 2019 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 95,536 32.76 +6.53 2 +1 People's Party (PP) 68,530 23.50 –16.64 1 –1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 50,945 17.47 +4.70 1 +1 United We Can (Podemos –IU –Equo ) 35,103 12.04 –5.58 0 –1 Vox (Vox) 33,653 11.54 +11.32 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,338 0.80 +0.02 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 1,476 0.51 +0.41 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 419 0.14 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 402 0.14 New 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group –PCAS –TC (Recortes Cero–GV–PCAS–TC) 299 0.10 –0.05 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,899 0.99 +0.14 Total 291,600 4 ±0 Valid votes 291,600 98.59 –0.28 Invalid votes 4,178 1.41 +0.28 Votes cast / turnout 295,778 68.22 +3.70 Abstentions 137,797 31.78 –3.70 Registered voters 433,575 Sources[ 10]
2016 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 112,723 40.14 +4.55 2 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 73,681 26.23 +0.88 1 ±0 United We Can (Podemos –IU –Equo )1 49,484 17.62 –4.76 1 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 35,870 12.77 –0.19 0 –1 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 2,184 0.78 +0.15 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 2,094 0.75 New 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 620 0.22 –0.03 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 618 0.22 –0.48 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 430 0.15 –0.01 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 381 0.14 ±0.00 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 277 0.10 –0.22 0 ±0 Alliance of the Democratic Centre (ALCD) 99 0.04 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,397 0.85 –0.16 Total 280,858 4 –1 Valid votes 280,858 98.87 +0.02 Invalid votes 3,218 1.13 –0.02 Votes cast / turnout 284,076 64.52 –2.35 Abstentions 156,187 35.48 +2.35 Registered voters 440,263 Sources[ 10]
2015 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 104,077 35.59 –16.46 2 –1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 74,128 25.35 –8.82 1 –1 We Can (Podemos) 51,441 17.59 New 1 +1 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 37,902 12.96 New 1 +1 United Left –Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 13,997 4.79 –0.53 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,047 0.70 –3.96 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,838 0.63 +0.26 0 ±0 Grouped Rural Citizens (CRA) 1,032 0.35 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 922 0.32 –0.10 0 ±0 Vox (Vox) 745 0.25 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 534 0.18 +0.01 0 ±0 Zero Cuts –Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 482 0.16 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 313 0.11 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,943 1.01 –0.86 Total 292,401 5 ±0 Valid votes 292,401 98.85 +0.40 Invalid votes 3,411 1.15 –0.40 Votes cast / turnout 295,812 66.87 +0.33 Abstentions 146,563 33.13 –0.33 Registered voters 442,375 Sources[ 10]
2011 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 152,672 52.05 +8.72 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 100,210 34.17 –15.92 2 –1 United Left of Castile and León : Plural Left (IUCyL) 15,598 5.32 +3.18 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 13,672 4.66 +3.90 0 ±0 Equo (Equo) 2,154 0.73 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 1,221 0.42 +0.36 0 ±0 Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,074 0.37 +0.24 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 565 0.19 +0.13 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 502 0.17 +0.12 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 152 0.05 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 5,470 1.87 +0.77 Total 293,290 5 ±0 Valid votes 293,290 98.45 –0.97 Invalid votes 4,616 1.55 +0.97 Votes cast / turnout 297,906 66.54 –8.13 Abstentions 149,802 33.46 +8.13 Registered voters 447,708 Sources[ 10]
2008 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 166,350 50.09 +3.31 3 ±0 People's Party (PP) 143,897 43.33 –1.63 2 ±0 United Left–Alternative (IU) 7,111 2.14 ±0.00 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 4,509 1.36 –2.64 0 ±0 Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,532 0.76 New 0 ±0 The Greens of Europe (LVdE) 534 0.16 New 0 ±0 The Greens–Green Group (LV–GV) 460 0.14 New 0 ±0 Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 436 0.13 New 0 ±0 Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 401 0.12 New 0 ±0 People of El Bierzo (PB–UB) 385 0.12 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 305 0.09 +0.04 0 ±0 Social Democratic Party (PSD) 247 0.07 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 215 0.06 –0.01 0 ±0 For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 197 0.06 New 0 ±0 Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 188 0.06 –0.10 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 160 0.05 +0.02 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 153 0.05 New 0 ±0 Spanish Front (Frente) 73 0.02 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 61 0.02 New 0 ±0 Spanish Alternative (AES) 57 0.02 New 0 ±0 Spain 2000 (E–2000) 47 0.01 New 0 ±0 Centrist Party (PCTR) 43 0.01 New 0 ±0 State of Spain Unionist Party (PUEDE) 40 0.01 New 0 ±0 National Alliance (AN) 39 0.01 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,638 1.10 –0.40 Total 332,078 5 ±0 Valid votes 332,078 99.42 –0.06 Invalid votes 1,935 0.58 +0.06 Votes cast / turnout 334,013 74.67 –0.15 Abstentions 113,293 25.33 +0.15 Registered voters 447,306 Sources[ 10]
2004 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 156,786 46.78 +14.83 3 +1 People's Party (PP) 150,688 44.96 –3.79 2 –1 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 13,406 4.00 –9.35 0 ±0 United Left (IU) 7,160 2.14 –1.48 0 ±0 Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB) 527 0.16 New 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 292 0.09 ±0.00 0 ±0 Salamanca–Zamora–León–PREPAL (PREPAL) 232 0.07 –0.04 0 ±0 Family and Life Party (PFyV) 212 0.06 New 0 ±0 Republican Left (IR) 187 0.06 New 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 173 0.05 –0.03 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 158 0.05 New 0 ±0 National Democracy (DN) 110 0.03 New 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 108 0.03 –0.01 0 ±0 Republican Social Movement (MSR) 65 0.02 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 5,031 1.50 +0.15 Total 335,135 5 ±0 Valid votes 335,135 99.48 +0.09 Invalid votes 1,750 0.52 –0.09 Votes cast / turnout 336,885 74.82 +5.19 Abstentions 113,394 25.18 –5.19 Registered voters 450,279 Sources[ 10]
2000 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 152,268 48.75 +0.01 3 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party –Progressives (PSOE–p) 99,804 31.95 –5.92 2 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 41,690 13.35 +9.74 0 ±0 United Left (IU) 11,316 3.62 –4.05 0 ±0 Party of El Bierzo (PB) 1,191 0.38 +0.08 0 ±0 Salamanca–Zamora–León–PREPAL (PREPAL) 330 0.11 –0.01 0 ±0 Centrist Union–Democratic and Social Centre (UC–CDS) 293 0.09 ±0.00 0 ±0 Natural Law Party (PLN) 277 0.09 New 0 ±0 The Phalanx (FE) 239 0.08 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 224 0.07 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 216 0.07 +0.03 0 ±0 Spanish Democratic Party (PADE) 151 0.05 New 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 129 0.04 +0.02 0 ±0 Blank ballots 4,206 1.35 +0.28 Total 312,334 5 ±0 Valid votes 312,334 99.39 –0.12 Invalid votes 1,924 0.61 +0.12 Votes cast / turnout 314,258 69.63 –7.34 Abstentions 137,064 30.37 +7.34 Registered voters 451,322 Sources[ 10]
1996 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 162,850 48.74 +4.56 3 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 126,532 37.87 –2.48 2 ±0 United Left of Castile and León (IUCL) 25,622 7.67 +1.01 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 12,049 3.61 –0.05 0 ±0 The European Greens (LVE) 1,109 0.33 –0.19 0 ±0 Party of El Bierzo (PB) 1,000 0.30 –0.14 0 ±0 Salamanca–Zamora–León–PREPAL (PREPAL) 395 0.12 ±0.00 0 ±0 Centrist Union (UC) 313 0.09 –2.29 0 ±0 Authentic Spanish Phalanx (FEA) 208 0.06 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 134 0.04 +0.01 0 ±0 Workers' Revolutionary Party (PRT) 121 0.04 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Unity of Castile and León (URCL) 115 0.03 New 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 61 0.02 –0.02 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,586 1.07 ±0.00 Total 334,095 5 ±0 Valid votes 334,095 99.51 +0.14 Invalid votes 1,638 0.49 –0.14 Votes cast / turnout 335,733 76.97 +1.35 Abstentions 100,473 23.03 –1.35 Registered voters 436,206 Sources[ 10]
1993 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− People's Party (PP) 142,574 44.18 +5.78 3 +1 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 130,241 40.35 +0.47 2 –1 United Left of Castile and León (IU) 21,510 6.66 +0.40 0 ±0 Leonese People's Union (UPL) 11,805 3.66 New 0 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 7,694 2.38 –7.73 0 ±0 The Greens (LV) 1,682 0.52 –0.31 0 ±0 Party of El Bierzo (PB) 1,418 0.44 New 0 ±0 The Ecologists (LE) 704 0.22 –0.29 0 ±0 Ruiz-Mateos Group –European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 627 0.19 –0.83 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 385 0.12 –0.52 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 220 0.07 –0.06 0 ±0 Commoners' Land–Castilian Nationalist Party (TC–PNC) 117 0.04 New 0 ±0 Natural Law Party (PLN) 113 0.04 New 0 ±0 Coalition for a New Socialist Party (CNPS)1 109 0.03 –0.08 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 106 0.03 –0.04 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 3,440 1.07 +0.10 Total 322,745 5 ±0 Valid votes 322,745 99.37 +0.61 Invalid votes 2,031 0.63 –0.61 Votes cast / turnout 324,776 75.62 +6.49 Abstentions 104,690 24.38 –6.49 Registered voters 429,466 Sources[ 10]
1989 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 114,046 39.88 –5.32 3 ±0 People's Party (PP)1 109,792 38.40 +4.16 2 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 28,898 10.11 –2.27 0 ±0 United Left (IU) 17,910 6.26 +3.66 0 ±0 Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 2,913 1.02 New 0 ±0 The Greens–Green List (LV–LV) 2,385 0.83 New 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 1,825 0.64 +0.16 0 ±0 Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,819 0.64 +0.14 0 ±0 The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 1,454 0.51 New 0 ±0 Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)2 713 0.25 –0.57 0 ±0 Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 514 0.18 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 372 0.13 –0.13 0 ±0 Alliance for the Republic (AxR) 325 0.11 New 0 ±0 Humanist Party (PH) 191 0.07 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 2,786 0.97 +0.14 Total 285,943 5 ±0 Valid votes 285,943 98.76 +0.57 Invalid votes 3,598 1.24 –0.57 Votes cast / turnout 289,541 69.13 +0.64 Abstentions 129,310 30.87 –0.64 Registered voters 418,851 Sources[ 10]
1986 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 130,432 45.20 +0.46 3 ±0 People's Coalition (AP –PDP –PL )1 98,802 34.24 +2.50 2 ±0 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 35,709 12.38 +9.68 0 ±0 United Left (IU)2 7,510 2.60 +0.63 0 ±0 Democratic Reformist Party (PRD) 3,417 1.18 New 0 ±0 Communists' Unity Board (MUC) 2,373 0.82 New 0 ±0 Leonese Convergence (CL) 1,922 0.67 New 0 ±0 Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,441 0.50 +0.07 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 1,371 0.48 –0.16 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 1,083 0.38 +0.19 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 753 0.26 New 0 ±0 Republican Popular Unity (UPR)3 596 0.21 +0.06 0 ±0 National Unity Coalition (CUN) 378 0.13 New 0 ±0 Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC) 357 0.12 New 0 ±0 Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) n/a n/a –15.51 0 –1 Blank ballots 2,407 0.83 +0.19 Total 288,551 5 –1 Valid votes 288,551 98.19 +0.96 Invalid votes 5,305 1.81 –0.96 Votes cast / turnout 293,856 68.49 –8.55 Abstentions 135,224 31.51 +8.55 Registered voters 429,080 Sources[ 10]
1982 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 133,206 44.74 +16.96 3 +1 People's Alliance–People's Democratic Party (AP –PDP )1 94,506 31.74 +20.36 2 +2 Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 46,170 15.51 –34.63 1 –3 Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 8,052 2.70 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 5,856 1.97 –3.92 0 ±0 Regionalist Party of the Leonese Country (PREPAL) 1,912 0.64 New 0 ±0 Party of El Bierzo (PB) 1,454 0.49 New 0 ±0 Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,276 0.43 New 0 ±0 New Force (FN)2 1,106 0.37 –0.81 0 ±0 Communist Unity Candidacy (CUC)3 616 0.21 –0.34 0 ±0 Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 565 0.19 New 0 ±0 Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 445 0.15 New 0 ±0 Communist League–Internationalist Socialist Workers' Coalition (LC (COSI)) 313 0.11 New 0 ±0 Falangist Movement of Spain (MFE) 295 0.10 New 0 ±0 Communist Movement of Castile and León (MC–CL) 36 0.01 –0.23 0 ±0 Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 26 0.01 –0.19 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,899 0.64 +0.22 Total 297,733 6 ±0 Valid votes 297,733 97.23 –1.39 Invalid votes 8,484 2.77 +1.39 Votes cast / turnout 306,217 77.04 +13.38 Abstentions 91,253 22.96 –13.38 Registered voters 397,470 Sources[ 10]
1979 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 129,085 50.14 –0.74 4 ±0 Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)1 71,533 27.78 +0.40 2 +1 Democratic Coalition (CD)2 29,313 11.38 –0.94 0 –1 Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 15,157 5.89 +1.28 0 ±0 National Union (UN) 3,029 1.18 New 0 ±0 Workers' Communist Party (PCT) 1,408 0.55 New 0 ±0 Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)3 1,405 0.55 –0.45 0 ±0 Spanish Ruralist Party (PRE) 1,379 0.54 New 0 ±0 Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT) 1,262 0.48 New 0 ±0 Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A)) 1,227 0.48 New 0 ±0 Communist Movement –Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC) 630 0.24 New 0 ±0 Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 515 0.20 New 0 ±0 Carlist Party (PC) 335 0.13 New 0 ±0 Union for the Freedom of Speech (ULE) 118 0.05 New 0 ±0 Blank ballots 1,075 0.42 –0.05 Total 257,471 6 ±0 Valid votes 257,471 98.62 –0.11 Invalid votes 3,614 1.38 +0.11 Votes cast / turnout 261,085 63.66 –11.50 Abstentions 149,057 36.34 +11.50 Registered voters 410,142 Sources[ 10]
1977 general election [ edit ] Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in León Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats Votes % ±pp Total +/− Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 137,495 50.88 n/a 4 n/a Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) 64,766 23.97 n/a 1 n/a People's Alliance (AP) 33,285 12.32 n/a 1 n/a Communist Party of Spain (PCE) 12,460 4.61 n/a 0 n/a People's Socialist Party –Socialist Unity (PSP–US) 9,212 3.41 n/a 0 n/a Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI) 4,645 1.72 n/a 0 n/a Federation of Christian Democracy (FPD –ID ) 4,371 1.62 n/a 0 n/a Democratic Left Front (FDI) 2,712 1.00 n/a 0 n/a Blank ballots 1,282 0.47 n/a Total 270,228 6 n/a Valid votes 270,228 98.73 n/a Invalid votes 3,466 1.27 n/a Votes cast / turnout 273,694 75.16 n/a Abstentions 90,433 24.84 n/a Registered voters 364,127 Sources[ 10]
^ "Real Decreto 1037/2022, de 20 de diciembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2022" (PDF) . Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (305): 178928–178933. 21 December 2022. ISSN 0212-033X .^ Ley 1/1977, de 4 de enero, para la Reforma Política (Law 1) (in Spanish). 4 January 1977. Retrieved 27 December 2016 .^ a b Constitución Española (in Spanish). 29 December 1978. Retrieved 27 December 2016 .^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote" . cafebabel.co.uk . Retrieved 17 July 2017 . ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero" . Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022 . ^ a b Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019 .^ a b Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020 .^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems" . Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017 . ^ "Resolución de 30 de agosto de 2023, de la Presidencia de la Junta Electoral Central, por la que se publica el resumen de los resultados de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados y al Senado convocadas por Real Decreto 400/2023, de 29 de mayo, y celebradas el 23 de julio de 2023, conforme a las actas de escrutinio general y de proclamación de electos remitidas por las correspondientes Juntas Electorales Provinciales y por las Juntas Electorales de Ceuta y de Melilla" (PDF) . Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (209): 122201–122274. 1 September 2023. ISSN 0212-033X .^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales" . Ministry of the Interior . Retrieved 15 April 2022 .
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448,179 (2022)[1]