TAS2R4

TAS2R4
Identifiers
Aliases	TAS2R4, T2R4, taste 2 receptor member 4
External IDs	OMIM: 604869; MGI: 2681210; HomoloGene: 49480; GeneCards: TAS2R4; OMA:TAS2R4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (human)
End	141,781,691 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)
End	40,471,475 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	gonad; ; testicle; ; sural nerve; ; buccal mucosa cell; ; cerebellar hemisphere; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; epithelium of colon; ; right uterine tube; ; nucleus accumbens; ; Brodmann area 9;
	Top expressed in
	embryo; ; zygote;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; taste receptor activity; bitter taste receptor activity; signal transducer activity;
Cellular component	plasma membrane; cell projection; cilium; ciliary membrane; membrane; integral component of membrane;
Biological process	response to stimulus; detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste; sensory perception of taste; respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system; signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	50832
	57253
	ENSG00000127364
	ENSMUSG00000037140
	Q9NYW5
	Q9JKT3
	NM_016944
	NM_020502
	NP_058640
	NP_065248
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Taste receptor type 2 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAS2R4 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

This gene encodes a member of a family of candidate taste receptors that are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily and that are specifically expressed by taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelia. These apparently intronless genes encode a 7-transmembrane receptor protein, functioning as a bitter taste receptor. This gene is clustered with another 3 candidate taste receptor genes in chromosome 7 and is genetically linked to loci that influence bitter perception.^[7] The geographic distribution of TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 missense allele variants which prevent expression of the receptors is aligned with the distributions of tannin sorghum and the destructive agricultural bird pest in Africa, indicating the role of human taste in developing agroecosystems fitting local environments.^[8]

Ligands

Ligands listed in BitterDB include quinine, parthenolide, denatonium, some non-sugar sweeteners including sucralose and stevioside, and several oligopeptides.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000127364 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000037140 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (March 2000). "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 693–702. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80705-9. PMID 10761934. S2CID 14604586.
^ Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Hoon MA, Adler E, Feng L, Guo W, et al. (March 2000). "T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 703–11. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80706-0. PMID 10761935. S2CID 7293493.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: TAS2R4 taste receptor, type 2, member 4".
^ Wu Y, Guo T, Mu Q, Wang J, Li X, Wu Y, et al. (December 2019). "Allelochemicals targeted to balance competing selections in African agroecosystems". Nature Plants. 5 (12): 1229–1236. doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0563-0. PMID 31792396. S2CID 208539527.
^ "hTAS2R4 - Taste receptor type 2 member 4". BitterDB. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Kinnamon SC (March 2000). "A plethora of taste receptors". Neuron. 25 (3): 507–10. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81054-5. PMID 10774719.
Margolskee RF (January 2002). "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554.
Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H (August 2002). "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste". Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 12 (4): 366–71. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8. PMID 12139982. S2CID 37807140.
Firestein S (April 2000). "The good taste of genomics". Nature. 404 (6778): 552–3. doi:10.1038/35007167. PMID 10766221. S2CID 35741332.
Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (April 2000). "A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse". Nature. 404 (6778): 601–4. Bibcode:2000Natur.404..601M. doi:10.1038/35007072. PMID 10766242. S2CID 4336913.
Ueda T, Ugawa S, Ishida Y, Shibata Y, Murakami S, Shimada S (July 2001). "Identification of coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms in human taste receptor genes involving bitter tasting". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 285 (1): 147–51. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5136. PMID 11437385.
Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Cook B, Wu D, et al. (February 2003). "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways". Cell. 112 (3): 293–301. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00071-0. PMID 12581520. S2CID 718601.
Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S (March 2005). "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 22 (3): 432–6. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549.
Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N (May 2005). "Lineage-specific loss of function of bitter taste receptor genes in humans and nonhuman primates". Genetics. 170 (1): 313–26. doi:10.1534/genetics.104.037523. PMC 1449719. PMID 15744053.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000127364 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000037140 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid10761934-5] Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (March 2000). "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 693–702. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80705-9. PMID 10761934. S2CID 14604586.

[pmid10761935-6] Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Hoon MA, Adler E, Feng L, Guo W, et al. (March 2000). "T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 703–11. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80706-0. PMID 10761935. S2CID 7293493.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: TAS2R4 taste receptor, type 2, member 4".

[8] Wu Y, Guo T, Mu Q, Wang J, Li X, Wu Y, et al. (December 2019). "Allelochemicals targeted to balance competing selections in African agroecosystems". Nature Plants. 5 (12): 1229–1236. doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0563-0. PMID 31792396. S2CID 208539527.

[9] "hTAS2R4 - Taste receptor type 2 member 4". BitterDB. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

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TAS2R4

Function

Ligands

See also

References

Further reading